已定讞的壞結局
名詞就是那個判決本身:一個已經確定的壞結局。
terrible fate · noun · C2
Something very bad that is going to happen, or the fact that this bad ending is certain.
厄運
A sentence already passed. Somewhere the judgement has been handed down, and what it decided is a bad ending; from here on, everything is just walking towards it.
Old English dōm meant 'judgement, decree, sentence' (the same element survives in Doomsday, the Day of Judgement). The modern sense keeps the 'verdict already delivered' feeling and narrows it to a verdict of ruin — which is why doom implies no appeal, not merely bad luck.
古英文的 dōm 本來是「判決、裁定」的意思——Doomsday(末日/審判日)保留的就是這個原義:那是「審判的日子」,不是隨便一個災難日。現代的 doom 把「判決」這一層縮小成專指「壞的判決」,但那股「已經定讞、沒得上訴」的味道完全留了下來。所以 doom 不只是運氣不好,而是命運已經寫定。
Wiktionary, entry "doom": from Middle English doom, dom, from Old English dōm ("judgement"), from Proto-Germanic *dōmaz
Two branches
已定讞的壞結局
名詞就是那個判決本身:一個已經確定的壞結局。
terrible fate · noun · C2
Something very bad that is going to happen, or the fact that this bad ending is certain.
厄運
把某物判死
動詞是「下這個判決」的那個動作:某件事一發生,結局就被定死了。
condemn to fail · verb · C2
To make someone or something certain to fail, end, or be destroyed, with no real way out.
注定
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Doomname/duːm/
video-gamesA popular first-person shooter video game, often regarded as the progenitor of the genre.
doomnoun詞源 1/duːm/
Destiny, especially terrible.
An undesirable fate; an impending severe occurrence or danger that seems inevitable.
Dread; a feeling of danger, impending danger, darkness, or despair.
obsoleteA law.
obsoleteA judgment or decision.
obsoleteA sentence or penalty for illegal behaviour.
Death.
The Last Judgment; or, an artistic representation thereof.
doomverb詞源 1/duːm/
To pronounce judgment or sentence on; to condemn.
To destine; to fix irrevocably the ill fate of.
obsoleteTo judge; to estimate or determine as a judge.
obsoleteTo ordain as a penalty; hence, to mulct or fine.
archaicTo assess a tax upon, by estimate or at discretion.
To be extremely pessimistic about something.
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。