核心畫面

You can picture brown as the colour of earth, of tree bark, of a cup of coffee — a warm, dark, earthy colour. From that single colour-picture grows everything else: a brown thing, brown skin, and food or skin that turns this colour.

可以把 brown 想成泥土、樹皮、一杯咖啡那種溫暖、偏深的大地色。整個字其實只圍著這一個顏色畫面打轉:先是「這個顏更多收起可以把 brown 想成泥土、樹皮、一杯咖啡那種溫暖、偏深的大地色。整個字其實只圍著這一個顏色畫面打轉:先是「這個顏色」本身,再來是「帶這個顏色的東西」,最後是「東西變成這個顏色」。所以名詞、形容詞、動詞講的都是同一塊咖啡色,只是站的角度不同。

From the picture

被太陽曬成的棕

還是同一塊咖啡色,只是落在皮膚上、而且是太陽造成的。把「棕色」這個畫面套到曬過太陽的人身上,就有了曬黑這層意思。

tanned (from the sun) · adjective · A1

Having skin that has gone darker because of the sun.

曬黑的

加熱變成的焦棕

一樣是讓東西變成那塊棕色,只是動力換成「火」而不是「太陽」:煎、烤之後表面轉成焦黃褐色。

brown (cook until browned) · verb · A1

To cook food until its surface turns brown, or to turn brown from heat.

煎成褐色 / 變焦黃

片語:browned off

這層幾乎和顏色脫鉤了,只活在固定片語 browned off 裡,當成獨立的口語表達來記比較實在,不必硬扯回咖啡色。

browned off · verb · A1

To feel annoyed or bored — only in the phrase 'browned off'.

厭煩的 / 不爽的

Also in this word

the colour brown · noun · A1

The colour of earth, wood, or coffee.

棕色

brown-coloured · adjective · A1

Having the colour of earth, wood, or coffee.

棕色的 / 咖啡色的

原始詞典資料35 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Brownname/bɹaʊn/

  • 1

    A surname.

    • (The Browns gave the Obamas an ornate penholder made from the timber of a Victorian antislave ship.)
    • After 170 years this is the closest Auckland has come to having a brown mayor. Sure he's a Palagi. But his name is Brown, he's run Manukau for a long time and there's heaps of brown people there so he's gladly owned by many in the Pacific Community.
  • 2

    A surname.

  • 3

    A surname.

  • 4

    A locale in the United States.

  • 5

    A locale in the United States.

  • 6

    A locale in the United States.

  • 7

    A locale in the United States.

  • 8

    A locale in the United States.

另外 2 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    A locale in the United States.

  • 10

    Brown University.

brownnoun/ˈbɹaʊ̯n/

  • 1

    A colour like that of chocolate or coffee.

    • The browns and greens in this painting give it a nice woodsy feel.
    • He wore brown jeans for his birthday.
  • 2

    ball-gamesgameshobbiesOne of the colour balls used in snooker, with a value of 4 points.

  • 3

    Black tar heroin.

  • 4

    archaicslangA copper coin.

    • “To save a journey up the town, / A razor lent here for a brown: / But if you think the price too high, / I beg you won’t the razor try.”
    • I know there are many persons — some who are themselves poor — who 'never turn a beggar from their door,' but always give them a few browns (halfpence) or some scran (broken victuals).
  • 5

    A brown horse or other animal.

    • […] browns are the soberest, bays are the worst tempered, and chestnuts are the most foolish.
  • 6

    slurinformalA person of mostly Latin American (or Latino), Middle Eastern/North African, South Asian, and sometimes Southeast Asian, Pacific Islander, or rarely Native American descent; a brown-skinned person; someone of mulatto, or biracial appearance.

    • Many browns and blacks are immigrants — some of whom have not yet become naturalized citizens of the United States.
    • For example, a Brown Asian Caucus emerged at the inaugural National Conference on Asian American Mental Health in 1972 – where Filipinos were joined by Pacific Islanders who also felt marginalized as part of the Asian American/ Pacific Islander (AAPI) umbrella group.
  • 7

    biologyentomologynatural-sciencesAny of various nymphalid butterflies of subfamily Satyrinae (formerly the family Satyridae), such as those of the genera Heteronympha and Melanitis.

  • 8

    informalA brown trout (Salmo trutta).

另外 1 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    hobbieshuntinglifestyleA mass of birds or animals that may be indiscriminately fired at.

    • The temptation to have a shot into the brown was great. There was not a head there which was not a big one and the one by himself was not too easy a shot since it is always difficult to shoot when lying in soft snow.
    • My anger mounted at this, I opened the courtyard door and raised my musket to fire into the brown; I had loaded it with small shot, and if it had gone off that would have been the death of us and the ruin of all of us in the house.

brownadj/ˈbɹaʊ̯n/

  • 1

    Having a brown color/colour.

    • But none of those brown dwarfs were speeding along on a trajectory that would carry them out of the galaxy like “runaway” hypervelocity stars observed by astronomers in the last two decades.
  • 2

    obsoleteGloomy.

  • 3

    Of or relating to any of various ethnic groups having dark pigmentation of the skin.

    • Reminds me of the time they asked me and a group of other Latino, predominantly Mexican, friends for our passports when we tried to go to their [expletive] party a little over a year ago.[…] The saddest part is that I don’t think they understand why it’s insulting to ask a brown person for a passport.
  • 4

    Of or relating to any of various ethnic groups having dark pigmentation of the skin.

    • By Saad’s accounting – and this is not dissimilar from the white nationalist “great replacement theory” – western societies are bringing about their own destruction by admitting immigrants from poorer, browner and more Muslim countries.
  • 5

    Of or relating to any of various ethnic groups having dark pigmentation of the skin.

    • I think they sort of realized like, oh, we have Aasif who is a Muslim, an American, brown person, you know, who can sit on that fence between cultures and sort of talk about what it is--what this is from the perspective of being an insider and an outsider at the same time.[…] I think there is in the sort of South Asian, you know, psyche, a kind of adoration of Western ideals and culture that was sort of implanted into us by the British, you know, and this idea that everything that is Western is superior and better than what we have and what India--you know, what is true to our own culture.
    • What’s interesting, when you look past all the hysterical bullshit about brown people and trans kids and the imaginary woke mind virus, is that Hanson’s new converts in Farrer and South Australia are angry about the same shit as everyone else, whether that’s a Lebanese-Australian bricklayer in Claymore, an Indian dental nurse in Ipswich, or some lentil-muffin-eating, lumpy-jumper-wearing goat yoga enthusiast in Teal Town.
  • 6

    Of or relating to any of various ethnic groups having dark pigmentation of the skin.

    • I came to deeply embrace anti-racism in slow, sustained increments. To do so, I had to embrace my own identity as a Brown person -- and understand my own complicity in white supremacy.[…] I had grown up in an entire Southeast Asian culture that had largely been groomed, indoctrinated and brainwashed into white-centered thinking over some 450 years of colonization by our Western overlords: Spain for almost 400 years, and then the United States of America for nearly 50 years more.
  • 7

    Not green (environmentally irresponsible); anti-green (against environmental protection).

    • Near-synonyms: nongreen, antigreen
    • Tesco and Sainsbury, two of Britain’s biggest retailers, are locked in a fierce battle to prove who is greener. Even BSkyB, the British satellite outpost of the distinctly brown Murdoch empire, has declared itself “carbon-neutral.”

brownverb/ˈbɹaʊ̯n/

  • 1

    To become brown.

    • Fry the onions until they brown.
    • The chicken was browning nicely, the skin beginning to crisp and take on the toasty tones of oiled wood.
  • 2

    poop.

    • i've just browned myself.
  • 3

    cookingfoodlifestyleTo cook something until it becomes brown.

    • Pound an onion, warm a spoonful of ghee and throw in the onion, brown it slightly, add your curry stuff, brown this till it smells pleasantly, […]
  • 4

    To tan.

    • Light-skinned people tend to brown when exposed to the sun.
  • 5

    To make brown or dusky.

    • A trembling twilight o'er the welkin moves, / Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves.
  • 6

    To give a bright brown colour to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coating of oxide on their surface.

    • It is mixed uniformly with olive oil, and rubbed upon the iron slightly heated, which is afterwards exposed to the air, till the wished-for degree of browning is produced.
  • 7

    offensivederogatoryslurslangdemographicsdemographyTo turn progressively more Hispanic or Latino, in the context of the population of a geographic region.

    • the browning of America

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。