核心畫面
Picture two things lined up on a single track, and 'after' marks the one that comes behind — the later one in time, the further one in a sequence, the one trailing along the path. Almost everything 'after' does is this one picture of 'coming behind / following along' applied to time, to order, to space, and then stretched into 'chasing what's ahead' and 'because of what came before'.
可以想成兩件事排在同一條軌道上,after 標的是「跟在後頭」的那一個——時間上比較晚、順序上排在後面、位置上落在後…更多收起
可以想成兩件事排在同一條軌道上,after 標的是「跟在後頭」的那一個——時間上比較晚、順序上排在後面、位置上落在後方。after 幾乎所有用法都是這一個「跟在後面、隨後而來」的畫面,只是分別套到時間、順序、空間上,再往兩頭延伸:往前延成「追在某人某物後面想趕上或得到」,往回延成「因為前面發生了那件事」。原始詞典資料19 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
afteradv/ˈɑːftə/
- 1
Behind; later in time; following.
- I left the room, and the dog bounded after.
- They lived happily ever after.
afterprep/ˈɑːftə/
- 1
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- We had a few beers after the game.
- The time is a quarter after eight.
- 2
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- Sucess comes after hard work.
- 3
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- I’m not putting you in charge again after the last disaster.
- 4
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- After all that has happened, he is still my friend.
- I can’t believe that, after all our advice against gambling, you walked into that casino!
- 5
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- I'm tired of picking up after you. Why can't you clean your own messes?
- 6
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- day after day, time after time, mile after mile, beer after beer, smile after smile
- Paper after paper spells out how vulnerable we are to internet-induced brain rot.
- 7
Subsequently to; following in time; later than.
- I was after finishing my dinner when there was a knock on the door. [= I had just finished my dinner when ...]
- He was after walking on the Thursday, Friday, and Saturday before, all the way from the County Limerick, where his brother, Father John, has a parish; and you may believe, the poor man was tired
- 8
Behind.
- He will leave a trail of destruction after him.
- I told her to shut the door after her.
另外 6 個記錄的用法
- 9
In pursuit of, seeking; denoting the aim or object.
- run after him; he’s after a job; to thirst after righteousness
- 10
Concerning; in relation to.
- to enquire after a friend; to ask after her health
- 11
In allusion to, in imitation of; following or referencing.
- We named him after his grandfather.
- This painting is after Leonardo da Vinci.
- 12
Below, often next below, in importance or rank.
- The princess is next in line to the throne after the prince.
- 13
obsoleteAccording to (an author or text).
- 14
obsoleteAccording to the direction and influence of; in proportion to; befitting.
- He takes greatness of kingdoms according to bulk and currency, and not after their intrinsic value.
afterconj/ˈɑːftə/
- 1
Signifies that the action of the clause it starts takes place before the action of the other clause.
- The show ends after the fat lady sings.
- After we had decided to call it a day, I went home.
afteradj/ˈɑːftə/
- 1
datedLater; second (of two); next, following, subsequent
- I did verily believe in my own mind, that I couldn't fight in that way at all; but my after experience convinced me that this was all a notion.
- The amends he had made in after life were lost sight of in the dramatic glare of the original act.
- 2
At or towards the stern of a ship or the rear of an aircraft.
- The after gun is mounted aft.
- The after gun is abaft the forward gun.
afternoun/ˈɑːftə/
- 1
Of before-and-after images: the one that shows the difference after a specified treatment.
- In the ‘before’ shots, she’ll look like an ordinary suburban housewife; but we know she acts in community theater musicals sometimes, so the ‘afters’ will give her a glamorous starlet image, starting with a very revealing bathing suit shot.
- Did any of the before pictures remind you of yourself, and did any of the afters show what you hoped your results might be?
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。