核心畫面

You can picture a piece of ground with an invisible line drawn around it, and the line means 'this belongs to someone, and they decide who is allowed in.' Everything territory means grows from that: a bounded patch of land that is held and controlled.

可以想成一塊地,四周有一條看不見的界線,界線的意思是「這塊地屬於某一方,由他們決定誰能進來」。territory 各更多收起可以想成一塊地,四周有一條看不見的界線,界線的意思是「這塊地屬於某一方,由他們決定誰能進來」。territory 各種用法都從這個畫面長出來:一塊被劃住、被掌控的地。

From the word’s history

From Latin terra 'earth, land' plus a place-forming suffix, giving territorium — the land around a town that fell under that town's control. So from the very start the word was not just 'land' but land tied to who governs it.

來自拉丁文 terra(土地、大地)再加上表示「地方」的字尾,合成 territorium——一座城鎮四周、歸這座城管轄的地。所以這個字一開始就不只是「土地」,而是「有人管、有歸屬的土地」。

etymonline.com/word/territory (Latin terra 'earth, land' + -orium → territorium 'land around a town')

Four branches

國家掌控的土地

把核心畫面照字面放大到國家層級:一整片有人擁有、有邊界、由政權說了算的地。

national land, territory · noun · B2

Land that is owned or controlled by a country, ruler, or army.

領土

一種地帶、一片地形

把「被誰掌控」這一層淡掉,只留下「一大片被劃出來的地」,改用它的性質來標記。

type of land or terrain · noun · B2

Land of a particular kind, especially a large wild area.

地帶

動物的地盤

同一張核心畫面,只是換成動物在畫界線、在趕外人。

animal's territory · noun · B2

The area that an animal treats as its own and keeps other animals away from.

地盤

抽象的領域、範圍

把「一塊有邊界的地」從地圖搬進腦子裡,變成知識、經驗或工作上劃出來的範圍。

field of knowledge · noun · B2

A particular area of knowledge, experience, or activity.

領域

原始詞典資料10 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

territorynoun/ˈtɛɹɪˌtɔɹi/

  • 1

    A large extent or tract of land; for example a region, country or district.

  • 2

    One of three of Canada's federal entities, located in the country's Arctic, with fewer powers than a province and created by an act of Parliament rather than by the Constitution: Yukon, Northwest Territories, and Nunavut.

  • 3

    One of three of Australia's federal entities, located in the country's north and southeast, with fewer powers than a state and created by an act of Parliament rather than by the Constitution: Northern Territory, Australian Capital Territory and Jervis Bay Territory.

  • 4

    A geographic area under control of a single governing entity such as state or municipality; an area whose borders are determined by the scope of political power rather than solely by natural features such as rivers and ridges.

    • Lewis of France had his infancy attended by crafty and worldly men, who made extent of territory the most glorious instance of power, and mistook the acquisition of fame, for the spreading of honour.
    • Economics is a messy discipline: too fluid to be a science, too rigorous to be an art. Perhaps it is fitting that economists’ most-used metric, gross domestic product (GDP), is a tangle too. GDP measures the total value of output in an economic territory. Its apparent simplicity explains why it is scrutinised down to tenths of a percentage point every month.
  • 5

    biologyecologynatural-sciencesAn area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against its conspecifics.

  • 6

    gameshobbieslifestyleThe part of the playing field or board over which a player or team has control.

    • Scotland had the territory and the momentum, forcing England into almost twice as many tackles and rattling them repeatedly at set-pieces.
  • 7

    A geographic area that a person or organization is responsible for in the course of work.

    • A well-designed sales territory allows a salesperson to make best use of his time with present and potential customers and minimize travel time.
  • 8

    A location or logical space which someone owns or controls.

    • The establishment of a personal territory almost invariably precedes the sharing of a territory with a mate. For those who are unable to make a break from the parental home, this stage is almost never reached.
    • In general, when a group member wanted an item that was located in someone else's personal territory, they would ask that person to pass them the item.
另外 2 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    A market segment or scope of professional practice over which an organization or type of practitioner has exclusive rights.

    • The medical registration act eventually did form the foundation for medicine to be able to claim an ever increasing occupational territory and the domination of all other health disciplines.
  • 10

    An area of subject matter, knowledge, or experience.

    • As a result, as the years have passed, my involvement with storytelling has expanded to the territory of compassionate action.
    • 12 July 2012, Sam Adams, AV Club Ice Age: Continental Drift The matter of whether the world needs a fourth Ice Age movie pales beside the question of why there were three before it, but Continental Drift feels less like an extension of a theatrical franchise than an episode of a middling TV cartoon, lolling around on territory that’s already been settled.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。