做到、順利走到目標
這一家都在講同一件事：想去的地方與實際到達的地方對上了。差別只在主詞是人、是計畫，還是一整段人生。
achieve your goal · verb · B1
To do what you were trying to do, or to reach the goal you wanted.
成功／做到
核心畫面
You can picture someone who set out for a particular spot and actually gets there: what they were trying to do and what really happened finally line up. Succeed names that moment of arrival rather than the effort along the way, which is why it sits so naturally in 'succeed in doing something' — the phrase points at exactly which step you reached.
可以想成一個人朝著某個位置走，最後真的走到了：他原本想做到的事，和實際發生的事對上了。succeed 描寫的是那個「…更多收起
可以想成一個人朝著某個位置走，最後真的走到了：他原本想做到的事，和實際發生的事對上了。succeed 描寫的是那個「對上」的瞬間，而不是過程中多努力——所以它後面常接 in doing something，幫你指出到底走到哪一步。From the word’s history
From Latin succedere = sub- 'next to, after' + cedere 'go, move'. The Latin word already carried both 'come after, take the place of' and 'go from under, mount up, ascend', hence 'get on well, prosper'. English borrowed the 'come next after, take the place of another' sense first (late 14c.); 'turn out well, arrive at a happy issue' follows by early 15c. So the two modern families are one word, not two.
succeed 來自拉丁文 succedere：sub-（緊接著、在後面）+ cedere（走、移動）。這個拉丁字本來就同時包含「走在後面、接下別人的位置」和「從下往上爬、登上去」，後者再引申出「順利、得勝」。英文先借進「接在後面、接替」（14 世紀末），「事情順利成功」到 15 世紀初才出現。所以今天看起來差很遠的「成功」跟「繼任」，其實是同一個字的兩條路。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry “succeed”
Two branches
接在後面、接下位置
這一家看起來跟「成功」很遠，但它們共用同一個拉丁字根：sub-（緊接著）+ cedere（走）。一邊是「走進前一個人留下的位置」，一邊是「往上走到你要的那一步」。學習者先遇到哪個用法，就會覺得另一個很突兀，知道字根就不會了。
take over a position · verb · B1
To be the next person to take an important job or position after someone else.
接替／繼任
原始詞典資料13 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
succeedverb詞源 1/səkˈsiːd/
- 1
To follow something in sequence or time.
- Autumn succeeds summer.
- Destructive effects […] succeeded the curse.
- 2
To replace or supplant someone in order vis-à-vis an office, position, or title.
- The king's eldest son succeeds his father on the throne.
- After a contentious election, Jones succeeded Smith as president of the republic.
- 3
To come after or follow; to be subsequent or consequent; (often with to).
- Her arms were like legs of mutton, her breasts like giant cabbages; her face, broad and fleshy, gave you an impression of almost indecent nakedness, and vast chin succeeded to vast chin.
- 4
To come in the place of another person, thing, or event; to come next in the usual, natural, or prescribed course of things; to follow; hence, to come next in the possession of anything; (often with to).
- Following the death of his mother, he succeeded to the throne.
- So, if the issue of the elder son succeed before the younger, the crown (or: property) falls to me.
- 5
To come in the place of another person, thing, or event; to come next in the usual, natural, or prescribed course of things; to follow; hence, to come next in the possession of anything; (often with to).
- Princess Buttercup succeeded to the throne as queen after King Willoughby died.
- If he succeeded in February, 670, this would be his sixteenth year.
- 6
To prevail in obtaining an intended objective or accomplishment; to prosper as a result or conclusion of a particular effort.
- The persecution of any righteous practice has never succeeded in the face of history; in fact, it can expedite the collapse of the persecutory regime.
- She succeeded in her efforts to repair the tank.
- 7
To prosper or attain success and beneficial results in general.
- voted most likely to succeed
- Legumes thrive better on this soil than on any of those derived entirely from acid materials. Applications of lime benefit clover […] Even with artificial drainage, alfalfa will not succeed, as roots cannot penetrate deep enough.
- 8
datedTo turn out, fare, do (well or ill).
- In some parts of Germany it is commonly believed that whatever is undertaken when the moon is on the increase succeeds well [...] whereas business undertaken in the wane of the moon is doomed to failure.
- An excellent hospital nurse may succeed poorly in private work, for the executive ability that means so much in the hospital counts for little in caring for a single patient.
另外 4 個記錄的用法
- 9
To support; to prosper; to promote or give success to.
- Succeed my wish and second my design.
- […] and his Royal Highness, who by their presence and incouragement inspired a new life and vigour into the sinking spirits of the Citizens, whereby God was pleased so far to succeed their endeavours, that a stop was put to the fury[…]
- 10
To descend, as an estate or an heirloom, in the same family; to devolve; (often with to).
- A paterfamilias could arrange a marriage or emancipate a child without its mother's consent, and if the mother died intestate (possibly because her tutor refused to approve her will) her estate succeeded to her siblings, not to her husband or children, […]
- 11
obsoleterareTo fall heir to; to inherit.
- Else let my brother die, / If not a feodary, but only he / Owe and succeed thy weakness.
- (iv) By Transmission of Shares: A person may become a member by registration if he succeeds the estate of a deceased member.
- 12
obsoleterareTo go down or near (with to).
- Who, ever as he saw him nigh succeed, / Gan cry aloud with horrible affright, […]
- Or will you to the cooler cave succeed, / Whose mouth the curling vines have overspread? […] […] And snakes, familiar, to the hearth succeed, / Disclose their eggs, and near the chimney breed— […] To his rough palate his dry tongue succeeds;
這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。