核心畫面

Picture words that have been put down by hand — ink shapes on a page, one letter after another. Script can be thought of as 'the written marks themselves', the visible body of language rather than the ideas inside it. Once you hold that picture, the other uses line up: the whole set of marks a language uses, the marks an actor is given to say, the marks a student leaves on an exam paper.

可以想成「被寫下來的那些字」——墨水在紙上留下的形狀,一個字母接一個字母。script 比較像是語言看得見的身體,而更多收起可以想成「被寫下來的那些字」——墨水在紙上留下的形狀,一個字母接一個字母。script 比較像是語言看得見的身體,而不是裡面的意思。抓住這個畫面,其他用法就會排好隊:一整套用來寫某種語言的符號、演員拿到要照著唸的那疊字、學生在考卷上留下的那些字。

From the word’s history

From Latin scriptum 'a thing written' (from scribere 'to write'), which came into English through Old French escrit / Anglo-French scrit, 'a piece of writing, written paper'. The PIE root *skribh- meant 'to cut, separate' — the older picture is carving marks into stone or wood. So every modern sense is still literally 'written marks': handwriting (1860), a writing system (1883), the text an actor works from — a shortening of manuscript, in theatre use from 1884.

script 來自拉丁文 scriptum「被寫下來的東西」(動詞 scribere「寫」),經古法文 escrit/盎格魯法文 scrit「一份寫的東西、寫過的紙」進入英文;更早的印歐字根 *skribh- 是「刻、劃開」,畫面是把記號刻進石頭或木頭。所以現代每一個意思其實都還停在「寫下來的記號」上:手寫字跡(1860 年左右)、一套書寫系統(1883)、演員照著唸的那份稿(是 manuscript 的縮寫,1884 年開始用在劇場)。

Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry 'script' — https://www.etymonline.com/word/script

Three branches

寫出來的字本身

最貼近字根的一路:script 就是筆留在紙上的那些形狀,可以是一個人的字跡,也可以是一整個語言用的整套符號。

handwriting style · noun · B2

Writing that is done by hand, especially in a certain style.

手寫字跡

寫好給人照著做的那份稿

寫下來的字被交到某個人手上,變成他要照著走的東西——先是舞台上的演員,後來延伸到任何事先寫好、照著唸或照著跑的內容。

play or film text · noun · B2

The written words of a play, film, or show that the actors say and follow.

劇本/腳本

考試時寫出來的那一份

還是「寫下來的東西」,只是場合換到考場:學生交上去的就是他寫出來的那些字。

exam answer paper · noun · B2

In British English, the answers a student writes during an exam.

考卷/答案卷

原始詞典資料13 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

scriptnoun/skɹɪpt/

  • 1

    A writing; a written document.

  • 2

    Written characters; style of writing.

    • But the one [letter] in the unknown script and with a metropolitan post mark—could it be from some London Woman?
  • 3

    mediapublishingtypographyType made in imitation of handwriting.

  • 4

    lawAn original instrument or document.

  • 5

    The written document containing the dialogue and action for a drama; the text of a stage play, movie, or other performance. Especially, the final form used for the performance itself.

  • 6

    A series of events with a predefined order and outcome.

    • I was following a social script that teaches women to build lives around money they don’t fully understand.
  • 7

    computingengineeringmathematicsA brief and simple program.

    • I wrote a Python script to put all the files into the right format.
  • 8

    computingengineeringmathematicsA file containing a list of user commands, allowing them to be invoked once to execute in sequence.

另外 1 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    human-scienceslinguisticssciencesA system of writing adapted to a particular language or set of languages.

scriptverb/skɹɪpt/

  • 1

    To make or write a script.

  • 2

    To devise, concoct, or contrive.

    • Such hedging is necessitated by the lack of in-depth knowledge of the contents, which also gives free rein to the scripting of unsubstantiated factoids concerning the book.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。