任職掌權的人
最貼近字根的一支：持有正式職位、握有職權的人。從一般機關的主管，到軍中有階級、能發號施令的軍官，都是同一個擔職掌權的概念。
official, authority figure · noun · B1
Someone who holds an official job in an organization or in the government.
官員／主管
核心畫面
You can picture an 'officer' as someone who holds an office — an official post that comes with authority and a duty to carry out. From that one idea grow the army officer, the government official, and the police member.
可以把 officer 想成『擔任某個正式職位、握有職權的人』——他持有一個 office（職務、職位），因此有權力…更多收起
可以把 officer 想成『擔任某個正式職位、握有職權的人』——他持有一個 office（職務、職位），因此有權力，也有該辦的事。軍官、政府官員、警察，都是從這個核心長出來的。From the word’s history
From Latin officium 'duty, service, office' (via Medieval Latin officiarius, 'office-holder'). An officer is literally one who holds an office and performs its duty — the authority in every modern sense grows from that held post.
來自拉丁文 officium（職責、任務、職位），經過 officiarius（持有職位的人）。officer 字面就是持有一個 office、履行其職責的人；今天不管是軍官、官員還是警察，那份權力都來自他所擔的那個職位。
etymonline.com/word/officer (Online Etymology Dictionary)
Two branches
警察（成員與稱呼）
警察也是持有公職、握有執法權的人，所以同樣叫 officer；久了這個字還被拿來當面稱呼警察。
police officer · noun · B1
A member of the police.
警察／警官
原始詞典資料9 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Officername詞源 2
- 1
A surname.
- 2
A suburb of Melbourne in the Shire of Cardinia, Victoria, Australia
officernoun/ˈɒf.ɪ.sə/
- 1
One who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization, especially in military, police or government organizations.
- Huerta was arrested while law enforcement officers were executing a federal search warrant at a Los Angeles business suspected of hiring illegal immigrants and falsifying employment papers, a special agent for Homeland Security Investigations, which is part of Immigration and Customs Enforcement, wrote in a federal court filing. […] A law enforcement officer approached Huerta and told him to leave, then put his hands on Huerta to move him out of the way of a vehicle, the agent wrote.
- 2
A respectful term of address for an officer, especially a police officer.
- Nothing was too small to receive attention, if a supervising eye could suggest improvements likely to conduce to the common welfare. Mr. Gordon Burnage, for instance, personally visited dust-bins and back premises, accompanied by a sort of village bailiff, going his round like a commanding officer doing billets.
- 3
One who holds a public office.
- 4
An agent or servant imparted with the ability, to some degree, to act on initiative.
- Early in the Talmudic period the service was divided between two officers. One was invited to recite the Shema including the benedictions connected with it... After he was through, another man was invited to stand up before the pulpit facing the direction of Jerusalem to recite the prayer proper, i.e., the Amida.
- 5
governmentmilitarypoliticsA commissioned officer.
officerverb/ˈɒf.ɪ.sə/
- 1
To supply with officers.
- 2
To command as or like an officer.
- Many of our journals are officered by Irish gentlemen, and their gallant brigade does the penning among us, as their ancestors used to transact the fighting in Europe; and engage under many a flag, to be good friends when the battle is over.
- The regular battalions of the regiment, though officered mainly by Anglo-Welshmen of county families, did not normally contain more than about one Welshman in fifty in the ranks.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。