發號施令的人
這是這個字最原始、最不受制度限制的用法：誰在指揮，誰就是 commander。
commander, military leader · noun · C2
A military officer who leads a group of soldiers, or who is in charge of one military job, whatever their rank is.
指揮官
核心畫面
One way to picture it: someone who gives the orders that a group must follow. The whole group looks to one person, and that person's word decides what everyone does — that person is the commander.
一群人裡面，有一個人負責下命令，其他人照著做。commander 就是 command（命令）+ -er（做這件事的…更多收起
一群人裡面，有一個人負責下命令，其他人照著做。commander 就是 command（命令）+ -er（做這件事的人），所以字面上就是「發號施令的那個人」。畫面比較像戰場上那個站在地圖前面、說「往這邊走」的人——重點不在他的官階多高，而在於這群人的行動由他決定。From the word’s history
From Old French comandeor, from comander (to command); by surface analysis command + -er, literally 'one who commands'.
來自古法語 comandeor，由 comander（命令）而來；用現代英語拆開就是 command + -er。所以這個字從頭到尾就是「下命令的人」，後來在軍隊和警察系統裡被拿去當正式職稱，意思才慢慢固定成特定的階級名稱。
Payload-supplied etymology note (Middle English comaundour ← Old French comandeor ← comander; surface analysis command + -er)
Two branches
制度化的職稱
軍隊和警察都是靠「誰聽誰的」在運作的組織，所以最自然的做法就是把 commander 這個字直接拿來當階級名稱用。意思從「正在指揮的人」變成「在階級表上的某一格」。
commander, navy rank · noun · C2
A high rank in the navy, just below captain, or a person who has that rank.
海軍中校
原始詞典資料10 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Commandername
- 1
A surname.
commandernoun/kəˈmændɚ/
- 1
One who exercises control and direction of a military or naval organization.
- I think if post commanders of the unchaplained posts could employ acceptable clergymen […] then the needs might be met.
- Instead, Korda squeezes Eisenhower’s extraordinary two-term presidency — not to mention his stints as president of Columbia University and commander of NATO forces — into 140 themeless pages.
- 2
A naval officer whose rank is above that of a lieutenant commander and below that of captain.
- Shepard: I don't take orders from you anymore, remember? Anderson: Consider yourself reinstated... Commander.
- 3
One who exercises control and direction over a group of persons.
- 4
A designation or rank in certain non-military organizations such as NASA and various police forces.
- 5
obsoleteThe chief officer of a commandry.
- 6
A heavy beetle or wooden mallet, used in paving, in sail lofts, etc.
- 7
A rank within an honorary order: e.g. Commander of the Legion of Honour.
- 8
Any of various nymphalid butterflies of the Asian genus Moduza.
另外 1 個記錄的用法
- 9
governmentmilitarypoliticsA soldier who has attained the rank of sergeant or higher
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。