- 1
If a person is obdurate, they have made up their mind and will not move — not their beliefs, not their actions, not their feelings — even when that seems wrong or too hard to everyone else. It is colder than stubborn. Stubborn can be a little fond, like a small child who will not wear a hat. Obdurate is not fond. It paints someone as hard, as if the will has turned to stone. The word is formal and a little old-fashioned; you meet it in novels, newspapers, and serious talk more than in the kitchen. Though actually, it can describe a thing as well as a person: an obdurate problem is one that will not yield, however you push. The oldest picture in the word is “hardened,” which is why it feels so .
頑固的、硬心腸的（書面，偏負面）
組成From Latin obdūrātus, “hardened,” first found in English in the 1450s. Latin ob- here means “against” or “right through,” and dūrō means “to make hard,” from dūrus, “hard.” The -ate on the end is the usual adjective ending from that Latin form.
同家族的字
- obduracythe noun — the state of being this unmoving
- obduratelythe adverb from this adjective
- durableshares Latin dūrus, hard — something durable stays strong over time
- endureshares the same Latin root for hardness — to endure is to last through something hard
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
obdurateadj詞源 1/ˈɒbdʒʊɹɪt/
- 1
Stubbornly persistent, generally in wrongdoing; refusing to reform or repent.
- […] sometimes the very custom of evil making the heart obdurate against whatsoever instructions to the contrary […]
- Art thou obdurate, flintie, hard as ſteele? / Nay more then flint, for ſtone at raine relenteth: […]
- 2
obsoletePhysically hardened, toughened.
- The past is obdurate for the same reason a turtle's shell is obdurate: because the living flesh inside is tender and defenseless.
- 3
Hardened against feeling; hard-hearted.
- I fear the gentleman to whom Miss Amelia's letters were addressed was rather an obdurate critic.
obdurateverb詞源 2
- 1
obsoleteTo harden; to obdure.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。