喜樂美語
  1. 1a/ˌdʒɪm ˈkroʊ/unfair to Black Americans歧視黑人的

    Unfair to Black Americans, in the way that the laws, courts and rules of the American segregation era were. It is used of laws, policies, rulings and treatment that hold Black people down or push them aside.

    這個用法把 Jim Crow 放在名詞前面。例如 Jim Crow laws、Jim Crow justice。意思是「這條法律、這個做法對黑人不公平」。它指的不只是分開，而是刻意讓黑人吃虧。有時候作者也拿它來罵現在的制度。意思是「換了名字，做的事一樣」。這個用法不會放在 be 動詞後面加 more／most，也不比較級。

    示範例句 · Example

    Jim Crow laws made it very hard for Black citizens to vote.

    中文翻譯Jim Crow 法律使黑人公民投票變得非常困難。

    This use puts the name of the system in front of a noun: Jim Crow laws, Jim Crow justice, Jim Crow rules. It says that the thing named works against Black people. Writers also use it of things outside that period, as a way of saying that a modern rule does the same job under a new name. It goes before the noun and does not take more or most.

    常見搭配

    • Jim Crow laws

      歧視黑人的法律

      laws that treated Black Americans unfairly

      Jim Crow laws stayed in place for almost seventy years.

    • Jim Crow justice

      對黑人不公的司法

      a court system that treats Black people unfairly

      The book collects stories of people who fell victim to Jim Crow justice.

    • Jim Crow policies

      歧視黑人的政策

      official rules that work against Black people

      The city apologised for its Jim Crow housing policies.

    意思相反

    equalfair

  2. 2a/ˌdʒɪm ˈkroʊ/for Black people only (segregated)黑人專用（且較差）的

    Kept for Black people only, and usually far worse than the place or service white people were given. It is used of schools, train carriages, waiting rooms, courts and other public places during the American segregation era.

    這個用法講的是「分給黑人用的那一份」。裡面其實藏了兩件事。第一，它是分開的。第二，它通常比白人那一份差很多。教室更破、車廂更後面、候車室更小。所以它跟單純的 separate 不一樣。separate 只說分開，Jim Crow 還說了不公平。這個字一樣放在名詞前面：a Jim Crow school、a Jim Crow carriage。

    Here the words point at a place or a service that was set aside for Black people. Two things are packed into it: it was separate, and it was poorer. That second part is what makes it different from the plain word separate. Like the other adjective use, it sits in front of the noun: a Jim Crow school, a Jim Crow carriage, a Jim Crow audience.

    常見搭配

    • a Jim Crow school

      黑人專用的學校

      a school for Black children only, with far fewer resources

      Her mother walked five kilometres to a Jim Crow school every morning.

    • a Jim Crow carriage / car

      黑人專用車廂

      a train carriage kept for Black passengers

      The law forced them into a Jim Crow car.

    • a Jim Crow audience

      分區而坐的觀眾席

      an audience seated in separate areas by race

      The singer refused to perform for a Jim Crow audience.

    意思相近

    segregatedwhites-only

    意思相反

    integrateddesegregated