核心畫面

One way to hold this word: someone walks toward you carrying help — a review, a compliment, a service, a page of your poems — and what they set down leaves you worse off than before they came. The shape of a service is all there. The direction is reversed. That reversal is what dis- is doing, and it is why the word so often turns up where the harm was not intended.

可以想成這樣一個畫面:有人端著「幫忙」朝你走過來——一篇評論、一句稱讚、一項服務、一頁排好的詩——結果他放下的東西,更多收起可以想成這樣一個畫面:有人端著「幫忙」朝你走過來——一篇評論、一句稱讚、一項服務、一頁排好的詩——結果他放下的東西,反而讓你比他來之前更糟。整個「服務」的形狀都在,只是方向反了過來。dis- 做的就是這個翻轉,也因此這個字特別常用在「本意不壞卻害到人」的場合。

From the word’s history

The packet's source entry derives disservice from dis- plus service. The prefix reverses the word it joins, so the modern meaning sits exactly where the parts point: the shape of a service, with the result turned the other way.

來源資料說 disservice 由 dis- 加上 service 構成。dis- 把後面的字反過來,所以今天的意思正好落在字面指的位置:形式上是服務,結果卻是反過來的。

Wiktionary entry for disservice supplied in evidence packet (kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:1362797901), etymology tree dis- + service

Two branches

名詞:那件幫倒忙的事

核心畫面裡「放下的那個東西」本身,可以單獨說,也可以放進固定句型。

noun · C1

An act that leaves someone worse off, especially one that was meant to help or that looks like help. It is the opposite of a service.

反效果的作為、幫倒忙的事

動詞:把整句話壓成一個字

同一個畫面直接變成動作,不再需要 do 和 a。

verb · C2

To treat someone or something in a way that harms them or shows them at their worst, for example by giving poor service or poor presentation. It appears most often in the passive: X is disserviced by Y.

使受損、對…服務不周