核心畫面

Think of chromatic as the layer of colour laid over something plain. Underneath there is a simple version - black and white, or a scale of seven notes, or a single beam of white light. Chromatic is what happens when the colours in between come out: the shades, the half steps, the separate bands of a rainbow. In every use the word points at the same move, from the plain thing to the thing with its colours showing.

chromatic 可以想成「顏色那一層」。底下先有一個素素的版本:黑白的畫面、一個調裡的七個音、一束白光。chro更多收起chromatic 可以想成「顏色那一層」。底下先有一個素素的版本:黑白的畫面、一個調裡的七個音、一束白光。chromatic 就是把中間的東西放出來——中間的色階、中間的半音、被拆開的一條一條光。三個用法看起來離得很遠,但動作其實同一個:從素的那個版本,走到顏色跑出來的那個版本。這條線不是我們硬接的,希臘文原本的形容詞就同時管顏色和音樂。

From the word’s history

From Greek khroma (colour). The Greek adjective khromatikos already meant both relating to colour and one of the three types of tetrachord in Greek music, so the colour route and the music route were joined before English borrowed the word.

來自希臘文 χρῶμα(khrôma,顏色)。希臘文的形容詞 χρωματικός 本來就一邊指顏色,一邊指希臘音樂裡的一種四音列。也就是說,英文借這個字的時候,顏色和音樂這兩條路已經綁在一起了,不是英文後來才接上去的。

packet Wiktionary etymology 1 for chromatic (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:490595845:32334)

Two branches

顏色本身

最貼近字根的一組:直接談顏色。

adjective · C1

Relating to colour or hue, or full of strong bright colour.

色彩的;色彩鮮豔的

音樂裡的顏色

希臘文原本的形容詞就同時有音樂的意思,所以這不是英文自己延伸出來的比喻;不過對學習者來說,把調外的音想成「加在素色上的那層顏色」,剛好跟核心畫面對得上。

adjective · C1

In music, using or moving by semitones - the smallest steps between notes - including notes that lie outside the ordinary scale of the key a piece is written in.

半音的;變化音的