核心畫面

Think of checking whether you have enough of something to cover a cost — usually money — before you spend it: do the resources stretch far enough to bear this without hurting you?

可以想成花出去之前先掂一掂:我手上的東西(多半是錢)夠不夠付這筆、扛不扛得住?afford 的核心畫面比較像「衡量自更多收起可以想成花出去之前先掂一掂:我手上的東西(多半是錢)夠不夠付這筆、扛不扛得住?afford 的核心畫面比較像「衡量自己有沒有足夠的本錢去承受某項花費」——夠,就負擔得起;不夠,就承受不了。

Two branches

負擔得起、承受得住

同一個「本錢夠不夠扛」,套在錢、時間、後果上:夠就做得起,不夠就承受不起。

afford (money) · verb · A2

To be able to buy or pay for something with the money you have.

負擔得起

提供、給予(較正式)

換一個角度:不是「我夠不夠付」,而是某物「拿得出、給得起」某樣東西——由主體提供出去。

provide (formal) · verb · B2

To give something or make something possible — a more formal use.

提供

原始詞典資料4 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

affordverb/əˈfoɹd/

  • 1

    To incur, stand, or bear without serious detriment, as an act which might under other circumstances be injurious; (usually after an expression of ability, as could, able, difficult) to be able or rich enough; to spare.

    • I think we can afford the extra hour it will take.  We can only afford to buy a small car at the moment.
    • “[…] We are engaged in a great work, a treatise on our river fortifications, perhaps? But since when did army officers afford the luxury of amanuenses in this simple republic?[…]”
  • 2

    obsoleteTo offer, provide, or supply, as in selling, granting or expending, with profit, or without too great a loss.

    • Alfred affords his goods cheaper than Bantock.
  • 3

    rareTo give forth; to supply, yield, or produce as the natural result, fruit, or issue.

    • Grapes afford wine.  Olives afford oil.  The earth affords fruit.  The sea affords an abundant supply of fish.
    • The percentage of nutritive elements contained in the parsnip is very small; so small, indeed, that one pound of parsnips affords hardly one fifth of an ounce of nitrogenous or muscle-forming material.
  • 4

    To give, grant, or confer, with a remoter reference to its being the natural result; to provide; to furnish.

    • A good life affords consolation in old age.
    • One morning I had been driven to the precarious refuge afforded by the steps of the inn, after rejecting offers from the Celebrity to join him in a variety of amusements. But even here I was not free from interruption, for he was seated on a horse-block below me, playing with a fox terrier.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。