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A serious infectious disease caused by a bacterium, attacking the lungs most of all, but able to reach the bones, the spine, the brain and other parts too.
caused by a bacterium由細菌引起的 A serious infectious disease一種嚴重傳染病 attacking the lungs most of all最主要攻擊肺部 but able to reach但也能影響到 the bones, the spine, the brain and other parts too骨頭、脊椎、腦部和其他部位
The signs are a cough that will not go away, often with blood, plus fever, night sweating and weight loss. It spreads through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.
The signs are症狀有 a cough that will not go away一直不會好的咳嗽 often with blood常常帶血 plus fever, night sweating and weight loss加上發燒、盜汗和體重減輕；when an infected person coughs or sneezes當感染者咳嗽或打噴嚏時 It spreads through the air就會透過空氣傳播
Almost everyone it to TB in speech and in writing; the full word is used in medical texts and on official forms.
Almost everyone幾乎大家 in speech and in writing不管口說或書寫 shortens it to TB都簡稱它TB；the full word完整的字 is used in medical texts and on official forms則用在醫學文獻和正式表格上
Two things are worth knowing beyond the definition. First, an infection can sit quiet in the body for years without making you ill — doctors call that TB — so 'infected' and 'sick' are not the same thing here. Second, it is , but the medicine must be taken for months, and stopping early is how drug-resistant TB is made.
beyond the definition除了定義以外 Two things有兩件事 are worth knowing值得知道。First首先, an infection感染 can sit quiet in the body可以在體內潛伏 for years好幾年 without making you ill而不會讓你生病 — doctors call that latent TB醫生稱之為「潛伏結核」 — so 'infected' and 'sick' are not the same thing here所以「感染」和「生病」在這裡不是同一回事。Second第二, it is curable它是可以治好的 but the medicine must be taken for months但藥必須吃好幾個月 and stopping early提早停藥 is how drug-resistant TB is made就是抗藥性結核產生的原因
Taiwan still records thousands of cases a year, and the scar on your upper arm is from the vaccine against it.
Taiwan台灣 still records thousands of cases a year每年仍通報數千個案例 and the BCG scar on your upper arm而手臂上的卡介苗疤痕 is from the vaccine against it就是打過對抗它的疫苗留下的
組成tubercul- (from Latin tuberculum, 'a little lump', itself the small form of tūber, 'a lump' or 'swelling') + -osis (a diseased condition). So: 'the disease of little lumps'. The name was given in the 1840s because the infected lung is dotted with small hard lumps that a doctor once thought looked like little tubers. The disease is far older than the name — for centuries English called it consumption, because it seemed to consume, to eat up, the body of the sufferer.
同家族的字
- tubercularthe adjective, from the same tuberculum
- tuberLatin tūber, a swelling — the potato sense
- neurosisshares -osis, the ending for a diseased or abnormal condition
- diagnosisshares the -osis ending, though here it marks a process rather than a disease
原始詞典資料1 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
tuberculosisnoun/tʃuːˌbɜː(ɹ)kjʊˈləʊsɪs/
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medicinepathologysciencesAn infectious disease of humans and animals caused by a species of mycobacterium, usually Mycobacterium tuberculosis, mainly infecting the lungs where it causes tubercles characterized by the expectoration of mucus and sputum, fever, weight loss, and chest pain, and transmitted through inhalation or ingestion of bacteria.
- With smallpox gone, tuberculosis is today the deadliest infectious disease on the planet.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。