A sportswoman is a woman who plays sport, especially one who plays well or takes part in several sports. The plural is sportswomen. It is the pair-word to sportsman, and you meet it mostly in slightly formal places — award names, newspaper reports, school prize-giving. In ordinary talk people are more likely to say athlete, or just name what she does: 'she's a runner'. There is a small second use worth knowing: describing someone as 'a good sportswoman' can mean she takes losing well and does not make a fuss, which is about character rather than skill. Newer writing often prefers sportsperson so that one word covers everyone, but sportswoman has not gone anywhere, and it is still the natural word when the point is specifically about women in sport.

女運動員、女選手。中文平常說「運動員」就夠了，不會特別標性別；英文這個字存在，是因為 sportsman 原本預設是男的。