喜樂美語

核心畫面

Picture a short oar — short enough that one hand can work it alone. Hold one in each hand and a single person can move a narrow boat with nobody else on board. Everything the word covers grows out of that picture: the oar itself, the slim boat built to match it, and the act of moving that boat along.

scull 可以想成一支短短的槳，短到一隻手就能單獨操作。兩手各拿一支，一個人就能把一艘窄窄的船划走，不必再找人幫忙…更多收起scull 可以想成一支短短的槳，短到一隻手就能單獨操作。兩手各拿一支，一個人就能把一艘窄窄的船划走，不必再找人幫忙。這個畫面往下長出三件事：那支槳本身、專門配這種槳做出來的輕艇，還有「用這種槳把船推著走」這個動作。另外還有一種划法，是把單獨一支槳架在船尾左右擺，一樣用這個字。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary traces the rowing word to Middle English sculle, 'a type of oar', with an uncertain earlier origin, possibly North Germanic (Old Norse skola). The oar coming first fits the modern picture: the boat is named after the oars it was built for.

資料把划船的 scull 追到中古英文 sculle，意思是「一種槳」；更早的來源不確定，可能來自北日耳曼語（古諾斯語 skola）。先有槳、後有船，這正好對得上今天的用法：船是照著這種槳設計的，所以跟著叫同一個名字。

Wiktionary entry for scull, etymology 1, supplied in this batch packet as kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:505832069

Two branches

槳本身

這一組就是核心畫面本身：手上那支短槳。字最早指的就是這個東西。

noun · C1

One of the two short oars that a single rower holds, one in each hand, to move a small light boat.

（成對的）短槳

配這種槳的船，和划它的動作

槳決定了船的樣子：要讓一個人兩手各一支槳就跑得快，船就得又窄又輕，於是船也跟著叫 scull。

noun · C1

A small, light, narrow boat used for racing on water, rowed by one person who holds a short oar in each hand.

單人賽艇

原始詞典資料12 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Scullname

  • 1

    A surname.

scullnoun詞源 1/skʌl/

  • 1

    A single oar mounted at the stern of a boat and moved from side to side to propel the boat forward.

  • 2

    One of a pair of oars handled by a single rower.

  • 3

    A small rowing boat, for one person.

  • 4

    A light rowing boat used for racing by one, two, or four rowers, each operating two oars (sculls), one in each hand.

scullverb詞源 1/skʌl/

  • 1

    To row a boat using a scull or sculls.

    • The afternoon sun was getting low as the Rat sculled gently homewards in a dreamy mood, murmuring poetry-things over to himself, and not paying much attention to Mole.
  • 2

    To skate while keeping both feet in contact with the ground or ice.

scullnoun詞源 2/skʌl/

  • 1

    A skull cap. A small bowl-shaped helmet, without visor or bever.

    • The scull is a head piece, without visor or bever, resembling a bowl or bason, such as was worn by our cavalry, within twenty or thirty years.

scullverb詞源 2/skʌl/

  • 1

    slangTo drink the entire contents of a drinking vessel without pausing.

    • 2005, Jane Egginton, Working and Living Australia, The Sunday Times, Cadogan Guides, UK, page 59, In 1954, Bob Hawke made the Guinness Book of Records for sculling 2.5 pints of beer in 11 seconds.
    • That way you get your opponent so gassed up from sculling beer that all he can think about is trying to burp without spewing.

scullnoun詞源 3/skʌl/

  • 1

    obsoleteA shoal of fish.

    • Of fish that with their fins and shining scales Glide under the green wave , in sculls

scullnoun詞源 4/skʌl/

  • 1

    The skua gull.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。