喜樂美語

核心畫面

Picture a long strip of soft cloth wound round the neck, or thrown over the head and shoulders — one band of fabric doing the job of closing the gap where cold air gets in. That band is the whole of the noun. The other scarf, the one that means eating fast, only looks like this word; it comes from somewhere else entirely.

可以想成一條長長的軟布：繞在脖子上，或披過頭和肩膀，就靠這一條把冷風會鑽進來的那個縫堵起來。名詞的 scarf 從頭…更多收起可以想成一條長長的軟布：繞在脖子上，或披過頭和肩膀，就靠這一條把冷風會鑽進來的那個縫堵起來。名詞的 scarf 從頭到尾就是這條布。至於那個「狼吞虎嚥」的 scarf，其實只是長得一模一樣，來歷完全是另一條線（見下面那一族）。

From the word’s history

The garment scarf (1550s) probably comes from Old North French escarpe "sash, sling", related to Old French escherpe and traceable back through Medieval Latin scirpa to Latin scirpus "rush, bulrush"; the specifically cold-weather neck covering is recorded from 1844. The verb scarf "eat quickly" is a completely different word: US teen slang from 1960, out of a 1932 noun scarf "food, meal", of uncertain origin (possibly related to nautical slang scoff, 1846). So the two are not one word with two meanings — they are two words that happen to be spelled alike.

當衣物的 scarf（1550 年代）大概來自古北法語 escarpe（腰帶、吊帶），可以再往上接到中世紀拉丁文 scirpa、拉丁文 scirpus（燈心草）；專指冬天圍脖子的那條，1844 年才有紀錄。而「大口吃」的 scarf 是完全另一個字：1960 年的美國青少年俚語，來自 1932 年的名詞 scarf（食物、一餐），來源不確定，可能跟航海俚語 scoff（1846）有關。所以這兩個不是一個字有兩個意思，而是兩個剛好長一樣的字。

Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entry "scarf" (noun and verb senses)

From the picture

圍在身上的一條布

這一族就是核心畫面本身：一條布，圍起來、披上去。

neck cloth · noun · A2

A piece of cloth worn round the neck, head, or shoulders for warmth or looks.

圍巾

Also in this word

to eat quickly · verb · A2

To eat something very quickly.

狼吞虎嚥

原始詞典資料15 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

scarfnoun詞源 1/skɑːf/

  • 1

    A long, often knitted, garment worn around the neck.

    • Now that she had rested and had fed from the luncheon tray Mrs. Broome had just removed, she had reverted to her normal gaiety. She looked cool in a grey tailored cotton dress with a terracotta scarf and shoes and her hair a black silk helmet.
  • 2

    A headscarf.

  • 3

    datedA neckcloth or cravat.

scarfverb詞源 1/skɑːf/

  • 1

    To throw on loosely; to put on like a scarf.

    • Vp from my Cabin, / My ſea-gowne scarft about me in the darke / Gropt I to find out them, […]
  • 2

    To dress with a scarf, or as with a scarf; to cover with a loose wrapping.

    • She scarfed her head.
    • The back of her tan trenchcoat swished from left to right as she scarfed her head and disappeared into the dusk.
  • 3

    To cover as or like a scarf.

    • A cowl scarfed her shoulders.
    • She was trying to keep the silken veil scarfing her shoulders in order.

scarfnoun詞源 2/skɑːf/

  • 1

    A type of joint in woodworking, formed by two shaped ends that fit into or onto each other.

  • 2

    A groove on one side of a sewing machine needle.

  • 3

    A dip or notch or cut made in the trunk of a tree to direct its fall when felling.

scarfverb詞源 2/skɑːf/

  • 1

    To shape by grinding or oxyfuel torch cutting.

  • 2

    To form a scarf on the end or edge of, as for a joint in timber, forming a "V" groove for welding adjacent metal plates, metal rods, etc.

  • 3

    To unite, as two pieces of timber or metal, by a scarf joint.

scarfverb詞源 3/skɑːf/

  • 1

    slangTo eat very quickly.

    • You sure scarfed that pizza.
    • We dug in. We ate everything there was to eat on the table. We ate like there was no tomorrow. We didn't talk. We ate. We scarfed. We grazed that table. We were into serious eating. We finished everything, including half a strawberry pie.

scarfnoun詞源 4/skɑːf/

  • 1

    A cormorant.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。