核心畫面

A good picture to hold is the curved leather seat onto a horse's back — shaped to the dip behind the shoulders, made so a person can sit firmly on a moving animal and steer it. Everything else is either that object moved somewhere new, or the situation of being up there on it.

「架在馬背上那個彎彎的皮座」。馬的肩後有一段自然的凹陷,馬鞍就順著那個凹陷做出來,讓人能穩穩坐在一隻會動的動物身上,更多收起「架在馬背上那個彎彎的皮座」。馬的肩後有一段自然的凹陷,馬鞍就順著那個凹陷做出來,讓人能穩穩坐在一隻會動的動物身上,還能控制牠往哪走。這個畫面裡有三樣東西值得記住:一是那個「彎下去再翹起來」的形狀,二是「坐上去的位置」,三是「坐上去的人在控制」。後面所有意思都從這三樣裡各取一樣長出來——腳踏車的座墊取形狀和位置,in the saddle 取「人在上面掌控」,鞍肉取的是動物背上那段形狀相同的部位,動詞則是把這個東西裝上去。

From the word’s history

Both the noun and the verb go back to Old English sadol / sadelian, from Proto-Germanic *sadulaz, possibly built on the Indo-European root *sed- 'to sit'. If so, the word's oldest content is simply 'the thing for sitting on'.

名詞的 saddle 來自古英文 sadol,動詞 saddle 來自同源的古英文 sadelian(把鞍裝上去),兩者都出自原始日耳曼語 *sadulaz;再往上有人推到印歐語根 *sed-「坐」(跟 sit、seat 同一家)。這條線雖然最上游不完全確定,但名詞和動詞同源這一段是清楚的——所以動詞和名詞不是兩個字,而是同一個東西的「物」與「把它裝上」兩面。

Wiktionary (saddle, noun: OE sadol < PGmc *sadulaz, perhaps < PIE *sed- 'to sit'; saddle, verb: ME sadelen < OE sadolian < PGmc *sadulōną)

Four branches

那個座位本身

最直接的一支:就是核心畫面那個實物,以及把同樣形狀、同樣功能的東西裝到別的載具上。

saddle, horse seat · noun · C2

A seat, usually of leather, that you fix on a horse's back so you can sit there and ride.

馬鞍

人在鞍上:騎乘與掌權

從「那個座位」換到「坐在那個座位上的狀態」。人一旦上了鞍,就同時處在兩件事裡:正在騎,以及正在控制——這兩件事各長出一個意思。

in the saddle (riding) · noun · C2

The activity of sitting on a horse and riding, especially for a long time. Often used in the phrase in the saddle.

騎在馬上

動物背上的那塊肉

這一支不走「座位」的路,只借形狀和位置:鞍放在動物背的哪裡,這塊肉就是那裡。

saddle, a cut of meat · noun · C2

A large piece of meat from the middle of an animal's back, often from a sheep, a hare, or a deer.

鞍肉

把鞍裝上去(動詞)

同一個字轉成動作:不是那個東西,而是把那個東西架上去的動作。

saddle, verb, saddle a horse · verb · C2

To put a riding seat on a horse's back, so the horse is ready for someone to ride.

裝鞍

原始詞典資料36 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Saddlename

  • 1

    A sub-sitio in the sitio of Proper Pudong, barangay of Pudong, Kapangan, Benguet, Philippines.

    • NOW, THEREFORE, I, MANNY E. FERMIN, by virtue ofthe powers vested in me as the duly elected Municipal Mayor of Kapangan, do hereby order the lifting of the lockdown in Sub-Sitio Saddle, Proper Pudong, Kapangan, Benguet.

saddlenoun詞源 1/ˈsædl̩/

  • 1

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

    • His [Cotton's] Horſe vvas led before, vvith a mourning Veluet Saddle on his backe, his Coffin had a Crimſon Sattin Quilt lined with purple Silke, ouer him vvas laid his Bible, Svvord and Hat: […]
    • My horse's bridle they [robbers] slipt, and search'd yᵉ saddle, which they pull'd off, but let the horse graze, and then turning againe bridl'd him and tied him to a tree, yet so as he might graze, and thus left me bound.
  • 2

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

  • 3

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

  • 4

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

  • 5

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

  • 6

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

    • [A] good horſeman, […] is ſkilfull to knovv, and hable to tell others, hovv, by certain ſure ſignes, a man may choiſe a colte, that is like to prove an other day excellent for the ſaddle.
    • [A]nd the third ſort [of camel] are called Ragnahil, vvhich are of lovver ſtature and learner bodies then the reſidue, vnfit for burthen, and therefore are vſed for the ſaddle, by all the Noble men of Numidia, Arabia, and Libia: […]
  • 7

    A seat for a rider, typically made of leather and raised in the front and rear, placed on the back of a horse or other animal, and secured by a strap around the animal's body.

  • 8

    Something resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

    • The Hill Zeliſco bore S.E. vvhich is a very high Hill in the Country, vvith a Saddle or bending on the top.
    • [W]e had to dismount and lead our animals [camels] up a narrow hill-path with broken steps of rock so polished by long years of passing feet that they were dangerous in wet weather. […] After fifteen minutes of this we were glad to reach a high saddle on which former travellers had piled little cairns of commemoration and thankfulness.
另外 16 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    Something resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

    • To roast a leg, haunch, or saddle of mutton. […] A modern refinement is to put laver in the dripping-pan, which, in basting, imparts a high gout; or a large saddle may be served over a pound and a half of laver, stewed in brown sauce with catsup and seasonings.
    • Certainly, in the gravy soups, turbot, hare, roast saddles, cabinet puddings, boiled eggs at tea-time and bread and butter and meat paste with the morning tray, one tasted one's own decadence: a tradition had been preserved in order to humiliate. Perhaps it really was time the British limped out of Malaya.
  • 10

    dentistrymedicinesciencesSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 11

    engineeringnatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

    • […] with this arrangement the cylinders are cast separately from the saddle, and bolted to the frames on each side with a fabricated stiffener between the frames. This stiffener is carried up to form the saddle for the smokebox, and within it is fitted the exhaust pipes from the cylinders to the blast pipe.
  • 12

    geographygeologynatural-sciencesSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 13

    businessgeographygeologySomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 14

    geometrymathematicssciencesSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 15

    artscraftshobbiesSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 16

    artscraftshobbiesSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 17

    nauticaltransportSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 18

    businessconstructionmanufacturingSomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

    • Door Shoes - (doors with saddle threshold) are [strips that] provide a seal between the door and the threshold.
    • How to Replace an Exterior Door Threshold. 1. [Image of a floorboard in a doorway.] Remove the old saddle. This may be as easy as unscrewing the saddle and prying it out. If necessary, cut the old saddle in two using a reciprocating saw, then pry out the saddle. Be careful not to damage the flooring or the door frame. Note which edge of the saddle is more steeply beveled; the new saddle should be installed the same way.
  • 19

    biologynatural-scienceszoologySomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 20

    biologynatural-scienceszoologySomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 21

    biologynatural-scienceszoologySomething resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 22

    Something resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

  • 23

    Something resembling a saddle (sense 1) in appearance or shape.

    • 'Now then … What'll it be, boys?' Mr Berman asked. / My mother answered. 'Brown-and-white saddles for Fudge and loafers for Peter.'
  • 24

    broadcastingmediaA timeslot between two popular programmes, in which another programme can be scheduled to encourage people to watch it.

    • In "hammocking," a new program is placed in the "saddle" between two established hits, or "tent poles."

saddleverb詞源 2/ˈsædl̩/

  • 1

    To put a saddle (noun sense 1) on (an animal).

    • Then roſe Balaam vp in the mornynge, & ſadled his Aſſe, & wente wͪ the prynces of yͤ Moabites.
    • Saddle your horſe on the race day in the ſtable before you leade him forth, and fixe both the pannell and the girthes to his backe and ſides vvith Shooe-makers vvaxe to preuent all daungers.
  • 2

    To put (something) on to another thing like a saddle on an animal.

    • Reſolv'd for Sea, the Slaves thy Baggage pack; / Each ſaddled, vvith his Burden on his back: […]
    • The centre of the nest is what I would call saddled on the bough, the materials being laid so that the nest is thinner in its middle part and thicker at the two opposite sides, so as to have a firm hold.
  • 3

    To enter (a trained horse) into a race.

  • 4

    Chiefly followed by with: to burden or encumber (someone) with some problem or responsibility.

    • He has been saddled with the task of collecting evidence of the theft.
    • They went shopping and left me saddled with two children to look after.
  • 5

    Chiefly followed by on or upon: to place (a burden or responsibility) or thrust (a problem) on someone.

    • I did not dislose the name of the man I proposed, because I found her only too eager to marry anyone upon whom she could saddle her debts, and so make him either pay them or change places with her.
  • 6

    archaicTo control or restrain (someone or something), as if using a saddle; to bridle, to harness, to rein in.

    • But he never would believe that Providence had sent a few men into the world ready booted and spurred to ride, and millions ready saddled and bridled to be ridden.
  • 7

    obsoleterareTo get (someone) to do a burdensome task.

    • Picked up Sotheby, who endeavoured to saddle me for a review of his polyglot Virgil. I fear I shall scarce convince him that I know nothing of the Latin lingo.
  • 8

    artsbusinesscarpentryTo cut a saddle-shaped notch in (a log or other piece of wood) so it can fit together with other such logs or pieces; also, to fit (logs or other pieces of wood) together with this method.

另外 3 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    obsoleteTo put something on to (another thing) like a saddle on an animal.

  • 10

    Often followed by up.

    • Next day, while we were saddling, Ali and Abd el Kader appeared.
  • 11

    Often followed by up.

    • Till the dead midnight we saddled not,— / I have journeyed far and fast— / And hither I come to carry thee back / Ere the darkness shall be past.
    • [A]y, every churl who owns a manor, if he dares—must needs arm and saddle, and levy war on his own behalf, and harry and slay the King's lieges, if he have not garlic to his roast goose every time he chooses […]

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。