核心畫面

Picture a , bendy material — you can pull it, twist it, and it springs right back — the springy stuff that tyres, balls, and boots are made of.

可以想成一種又能拉長、又能彎折的材料,你把它拉一下、扭一下,它又彈回原狀——輪胎、球、雨靴用的就是這種東西。

From the word’s history

In 1770 the chemist Joseph Priestley called this material 'rubber' because he used a lump of it to rub out pencil marks — so the material is literally named after the act of rubbing.

1770 年,化學家 Priestley 把這種材料叫做 rubber,因為他拿一小塊來「rub(擦掉)」鉛筆的痕跡;換句話說,這種材料的名字,其實就是從「拿它來擦、來搓」這個動作來的。

etymonline.com/word/rubber;Priestley 1770(rub out pencil marks)

From the picture

用橡膠做成的東西

用材料的名字直接稱呼「用這種材料做的那件東西」——名字從料子搬到成品身上。

eraser (pencil) · noun · A2

A small piece of rubber that you use to remove pencil marks from paper.

橡皮擦

Also in this word

rubber (material) · noun · A2

A strong material that can stretch and bend, made from the juice of a tropical tree or made in a factory, used for tyres, balls, and boots.

橡膠

rubber (match set) · noun · A2

A set of games in card games like bridge, or in cricket, where you keep playing until one side wins the most.

一盤(三局兩勝)

原始詞典資料21 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

rubbernoun詞源 1/ˈɹʌbə/

  • 1

    Pliable material derived from the sap of the rubber tree; a hydrocarbon biopolymer of isoprene.

  • 2

    Natural rubber or any of various synthetic materials with similar properties as natural rubber.

  • 3

    An eraser.

    • For example, they may use paddle pop sticks, hand span, pencils, rubbers, mathematics equipment (i.e. base 10 material) or anything else the teacher can find to measure the lengths of nominated objects.
    • Drawing materials, he thought, I used to love drawing as a lad. I can afford some plain paper and pencils, surely? And a rubber, too. He smiled at the memory of an elderly uncle, also fond of drawing, who′d always called rubbers ‘lead eaters’.
  • 4

    slangA condom, especially an external condom.

    • And the rubbers you hide / In your top left pocket
    • Don't have sex, because you will get pregnant and die! Don't have sex in the missionary position, don't have sex standing up, just don't do it, OK, promise? OK, now everybody take some rubbers.
  • 5

    Someone or something which rubs.

    • What perplexity plagues the chin-rubber in the foreground and what so discourages the man leaning on the lamp post? And to what doom is the large man at right moving? Photographer Cowherd has no answers.
  • 6

    Someone or something which rubs.

  • 7

    Someone or something which rubs.

    • I curl his perriwig, paint his cheeks, perfume his breath; I am his froterer or rubber in a hot-house
  • 8

    Someone or something which rubs.

另外 6 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    Someone or something which rubs.

  • 10

    historicalThe cushion of an electric machine.

  • 11

    ball-gamesbaseballgamesThe rectangular pad on the pitcher's mound from which the pitcher must pitch.

    • Jones toes the rubber and then fires to the plate.
  • 12

    Water-resistant shoe covers, galoshes, overshoes.

    • Johnny, don't forget your rubbers today.
    • He set aside his aunt’s counsel in regard to a better regimen, as well as her more specific hints, made in view of the near approach of rough weather, that he provide himself with rubbers and an umbrella, even if he would not hear of a rain-coat.
  • 13

    slangTires, particularly racing tires.

    • Jones enters the pits to get new rubber.
  • 14

    datedslangA hardship or misfortune.

    • The British barges, off New-London, sometimes meet with the rubbers. In an attack upon an armed smack, some days ago, they were beaten off, with the reported loss of 8 men killed.
    • 'Twas a bit gone December, / As I well remember, / I met with a rubber, and got some advice; […]

rubberadj詞源 1/ˈɹʌbə/

  • 1

    slangNot covered by funds on account.

rubbernoun詞源 2/ˈɹʌbə/

  • 1

    hobbieslifestylesportsIn relation to a series of games or matches between two competitors where the overall winner of the series is the competitor which wins a majority of the individual games or matches:

    • They played, and Creed and his young partner won the first rubber, winning the two first games running.
    • […] an old lady's innocent rubber.
  • 2

    hobbieslifestylesportsIn relation to a series of games or matches between two competitors where the overall winner of the series is the competitor which wins a majority of the individual games or matches:

    • Ladies matches shall consist of 6 rubbers. Each rubber shall consist of best of 3 games to 21 points.
    • Montreal’s Francoise Abanda lost the first rubber of the tie 6-2, 6-4 to Karolina Pliskova on Saturday
  • 3

    hobbieslifestylesportsA rubber match; a game or match played to break a tie.

  • 4

    The game of rubber bridge.

    • "Still, I confess that I miss my rubber. It is the first Saturday night for seven-and-twenty years that I have not had my rubber." "I think you will find that you will play for a higher stake to-night than you have ever done yet, and that the play will be more exciting."

rubberverb詞源 3/ˈɹʌbə/

  • 1

    communicationselectrical-engineeringengineeringTo eavesdrop on a telephone call

    • "There's a lot of nostalgia about the phone and how it was the way to get the local news," said Jane Beck of the Vermont Folklife Center in Middlebury. One way was "rubbering," or listening in on a neighbor's conversations ...
  • 2

    slangTo rubberneck; to observe with unseemly curiosity.

    • Old Sally didn't talk much, except to rave about the Lunts, because she was busy rubbering and being charming.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。