喜樂美語

核心畫面

Picture an old building that is not knocked down but re-shaped from the inside — new walls, new doors, same building. Reform can be thought of as giving something a better shape instead of replacing it: the school system, the tax law, or a person's way of living stays there, but it is worked on until it runs in a fairer or healthier way. That is why reform sits between fixing a small fault and starting all over again — it changes the shape, not the thing.

可以想成一棟舊房子沒有被拆掉，而是從裡面重新塑形——換了牆、換了門，還是同一棟房子。reform 的畫面比較像「把一…更多收起可以想成一棟舊房子沒有被拆掉，而是從裡面重新塑形——換了牆、換了門，還是同一棟房子。reform 的畫面比較像「把一個東西重新做成比較好的形狀」，而不是換掉它：教育制度、稅法、或者一個人的生活方式都還在那裡，只是被一路改到運作得比較公平、比較健康。所以 reform 站在「修個小毛病」跟「整個重來」的中間——它換的是形狀，不是那個東西本身。

Two branches

把制度重新塑形

這一群就是核心畫面用在「制度」上：對象是一整套規則或組織，動作是大幅度地改，目的是讓它運作得更公平。名詞和動詞是同一件事的兩個角度——一個是改的動作，一個是改出來的成果。

improve a system · verb · C2

To improve a system, law, or organization by making many changes so it works in a fairer or better way.

改革

把一個人重新塑形

同樣是「重新塑形」，只是被改的那個東西從制度換成了人的行為。舊的那個人還在，只是生活的形狀被重新做過一次——所以英文用的是同一個字。

stop behaving badly · verb · C2

To stop behaving badly, or to make someone stop behaving badly.

改過

原始詞典資料8 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Reformnoun/ɹɪˈfɔɹm/

  • 1

    A political movement or party.

  • 2

    ChristianityAn evangelical organisation within Anglicanism.

Reformadj/ɹɪˈfɔɹm/

  • 1

    Of Reform Judaism, its tenets, or its adherents.

reformnoun/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/

  • 1

    The change of something that is defective, broken, inefficient or otherwise negative, in order to correct or improve it

    • The elections need to undergo a serious reform.
    • Major reform is needed to improve the efficiency in the factory.

reformverb/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/

  • 1

    To put into a new and improved form or condition; to restore to a former good state, or bring from bad to good; to change from worse to better.

    • to reform a profligate man; to reform corrupt manners or morals; to reform a criminal
    • In this interview with Law Editors and Correspondents, he speaks on the gains of reforming the Directorate of Public Prosecutions (DPP), efforts to keep underage persons out of jail.
  • 2

    To return to a good state; to amend or correct one's own character or habits.

    • It is hoped that many criminals, upon being freed, will eventually reform.
  • 3

    To form again or in a new configuration.

    • This product contains reformed meat.
    • The regiment reformed after surviving the first attack.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。