核心畫面

Picture what sits between the skin and the bones: the soft, warm, living layer that gives a body its shape. That layer is flesh. Almost everything the word does grows from two things about it. First, it is the soft part around a hard frame — so a peach has flesh around its stone, and a thin plan can have flesh put on its bones. Second, it is the part of you that can be touched, that warms and and wears out — so flesh comes to mean the real physical you (seeing someone in the flesh), the you that is shared with your family (your own flesh and blood), and the body as the part of a person that will not last for ever.

可以想成皮膚和骨頭之間的那一層:柔軟、溫熱、活著,讓身體有了形狀。那一層就是 flesh。這個字幾乎所有的用法,都是更多收起可以想成皮膚和骨頭之間的那一層:柔軟、溫熱、活著,讓身體有了形狀。那一層就是 flesh。這個字幾乎所有的用法,都是從這一層的兩個特性長出來的。第一,它是包在硬架子外面的軟東西——所以桃子的果肉包著核,一個太單薄的計畫也可以「加點肉」在骨架上。第二,它是你身上摸得到、會發熱、會發抖、會老去的那部分——於是 flesh 就用來指真實的、有形體的你(in the flesh 見到本人)、指跟家人共有的那個血肉(your own flesh and blood),也指人身上那個不會永遠留著的部分。

Five branches

皮下的軟肉本身

字面的那一層:包在硬東西外面的軟物質。人、動物、水果都適用,只是外面那層皮和裡面那個硬核換了角色。

body tissue · noun · C2

The soft part of a person's or animal's body between the skin and the bones.

有血有肉、真的在你面前

強調那層肉「摸得到」這件事。照片和螢幕上的人沒有這層肉,真正站在你面前的人才有;而這層肉也是恐懼時最先起反應的地方。

in the flesh · noun · C2

If you see someone in the flesh, you see them in real life, not in a picture, film, or on a screen.

本人 / 親眼

血脈相連的自家人

把那層肉當成家族共有的東西:親人身上流的是同一份血肉,所以用 flesh 來指最親的關係。

flesh and blood · noun · C2

Your own flesh and blood means a person who is part of your own family.

骨肉 / 親人

肉體(相對於心靈)

把那層肉拿來代表整個身體,並且刻意跟看不見的心靈、精神放在對立面。既然肉是會累、會痛、會老的那部分,這一支自然帶著「有限、會消逝」的味道。

the physical body · noun · C2

The flesh means the physical human body, thought of as different from the mind or the spirit.

肉體 / 肉身

在骨架上添肉(比喻)

回到「軟肉包著硬骨架」那個結構,只是骨架換成一個還很單薄的計畫。只有骨頭撐不起樣子,得把肉長上去,形體才完整。

put flesh on something · noun · C2

To put flesh on something means to add more details to make an idea or plan clearer and fuller.

充實內容

原始詞典資料17 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

fleshnoun/flɛʃ/

  • 1

    The soft tissue of the body, especially muscle and fat.

    • The flesh of chicken, fowl, and turkey has much shorter fibre than that of ruminating animals, and is not intermingled with fat,—the fat always being found in layers directly under the skin, and surrounding the intestines.
  • 2

    The skin of a human or animal.

  • 3

    Bare arms, bare legs, bare torso.

  • 4

    Animal tissue regarded as food; meat (but sometimes excluding fish).

    • Thenne syr launcelot sayd / fader what shalle I do / Now sayd the good man / I requyre yow take this hayre that was this holy mans and putte it nexte thy skynne / and it shalle preuaylle the gretely / syr and I wille doo hit sayd sir launcelot / Also I charge you that ye ete no flesshe as longe as ye be in the quest of the sancgreal / nor ye shalle drynke noo wyne / and that ye here masse dayly and ye may doo hit
    • The fleſh that twycheth any vnclene thinge ſhall not be eaten. but burnt with fire: and all that be clene in their fleſh, maye eate fleſh. Yf any ſoule eate of the fleſh of the peaceofferynges, that pertayne vnto the Lorde and hys vnclenneſſe yet apon him, the ſame ſoule ſhall periſſhe from amonge his peoole.^([sic]) Moreouer yf a ſoule twych any vnclene thinge, whether it be the vnclenneſſe of man or of any vnclene beeſt or any abhominacion that is vnclene: ãd thẽ eate of the fleſh of the peaceoffrynges whiche pertayne vnto the Lord, that ſoule ſhall periſſh from his people.
  • 5

    The human body as a physical entity.

    • And the preaſt ſhall put on his lynen albe and his lynen breches apon his fleſh, and take awaye the aſſhes whiche the fire of the burntſacrifice in the altare hath made, and put them beſyde the alter, […]
    • In my political/cultural mythology Carl remained this larger-than-life figure […] But knowing Carl, the fantasy made flesh, was a different experience. The keen mind that wrote "A Gay Manifesto" was even more perceptive and challenging in real life.
  • 6

    lifestylereligionThe mortal body of a human being, contrasted with the spirit or soul.

    • For all flesh is as grasse, and all the glory of man as the flowre of grasse: the grasse withereth, and the flowre thereof falleth away.
    • For the flesh lusteth against the Spirit, and the spirit against the flesh: and these are contrary the one to the other: so that yee cannot doe the things that yee would.
  • 7

    lifestylereligionThe evil and corrupting principle working in man.

  • 8

    The soft, often edible, parts of fruits or vegetables.

    • The flesh of black walnuts was a protein-packed winter food carefully hoarded in tall, stilted buildings.
另外 3 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    obsoleteTenderness of feeling; gentleness.

    • There is no flesh in man's obdurate heart.
  • 10

    obsoleteKindred; stock; race.

    • He is our brother and our flesh.
  • 11

    A yellowish pink color; the color of some Caucasian human skin.

    • She opened [...] a third that was the peachy white that crayon companies used to call “flesh”.

fleshverb/flɛʃ/

  • 1

    To reward (a hound, bird of prey etc.) with flesh of the animal killed, to excite it for further hunting; to train (an animal) to have an appetite for flesh.

    • Before they had fleshed the hounds, however, he recollected himself […].
  • 2

    To bury (something, especially a weapon) in flesh.

    • Give me a clean sword and a clean foe to flesh it in.
  • 3

    obsoleteTo inure or habituate someone in or to a given practice.

    • And whosoever could now joyne us together, and eagerly flesh all our people to a common enterprise, we should make our ancient military name and chivalrous credit to flourish againe.
  • 4

    To glut.

  • 5

    To put flesh on; to fatten.

  • 6

    To remove the flesh from the skin during the making of leather.

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。