把字刻進硬的表面
字面上的那把刀，作用在真的看得見、摸得到的東西上。
verb · B2
To cut letters, numbers or a design into a hard surface such as metal, wood, glass or stone, so that the mark stays there for good.
雕刻（字或圖案）
核心畫面
A sharp point pressed onto something hard — metal, glass, stone — cutting one thin line after another until a name or a picture is there. The mark is in the surface, not on it, so nothing rubs it off or washes it away. That is the whole point of the word, and it is why the same verb can be turned on a surface nobody can see.
engrave 可以想成一支尖尖的刀壓在硬硬的表面上，一條線一條線把字刻進去。刻進去和寫上去不一樣：寫的會掉、印的會…更多收起
engrave 可以想成一支尖尖的刀壓在硬硬的表面上，一條線一條線把字刻進去。刻進去和寫上去不一樣：寫的會掉、印的會磨掉，刻的留在那裡。所以戒指內側的日期、獎盃上的名字、石碑上的字，用的都是這個動詞。既然重點是「留下來就抹不掉」，這把刀也可以轉向看不見的地方——刻在記憶裡、刻在心上，講的就是這件事永遠忘不了。From the word’s history
Wiktionary gives engrave as en- plus grave, where grave is the old verb meaning to carve or cut — literally, to get the cut into it.
來源資料把 engrave 拆成 en-（使進入）加 grave，而這裡的 grave 是舊英文裡「刻」的動詞，不是墳墓那個名詞。字面就是「把刻痕弄進去」，跟今天的用法對得很準。
Wiktionary (kaikki extract) entry 'engrave', etymology 1: from earlier ingrave, equivalent to en- + grave (to carve, engrave)
Two branches
刻在記憶裡（文學說法）
同一個動作，換成看不見的表面。字刻在石頭上不會消失，一個畫面刻進記憶裡也一樣。這是比喻上的延伸，不是另一條字源。
verb · C1
If something is engraved in or on your memory, your mind or your heart, you will never forget it — it feels cut into you the way letters are cut into stone.
刻在心裡
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
engraveverb詞源 1/ɪnˈɡɹeɪv/
- 1
To carve text or symbols into (something), usually for the purposes of identification or art.
- He engraved the plaque with his name.
- Elbows almost touching they leaned at ease, idly reading the almost obliterated lines engraved there. ¶ "I never understood it," she observed, lightly scornful. "What occult meaning has a sun-dial for the spooney? I'm sure I don't want to read riddles in a strange gentleman's optics."
- 2
To carve (something) into a material.
- He engraved his name.
engraveverb詞源 2/ɪnˈɡɹeɪv/
- 1
obsoleteTo put in a grave, to bury.
- So both agree their bodies to engraue; / The great earthes wombe they open to the sky [...].
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。