看病的人(醫生)
這是最常見、最具體的畫面:一個受過訓練、專門把生病或受傷的人弄好的人。核心那隻「把毛病弄好的手」在這裡就是醫生的手——你身體出狀況,就去找他。
medical doctor · noun · A1
Someone who is trained to help people who are sick or hurt.
醫生
Picture someone you go to when something is wrong and needs putting right — a person whose job is to look at a problem closely and fix it. That fixing-hand splits two ways: the trusted who a sick body, and (as a verb) a hidden hand that quietly works on something to change it.
From Latin 'doctor' = teacher (from 'docere', to teach) — originally one learned enough to teach; hence the academic 'doctor' (highest degree), which later in everyday use came to mean the medical healer.
源自拉丁文 doctor,意思是「老師」(來自 docere=教導),本來指學問高到可以教人的人;所以「博士」這個學位義其實是最早的源頭,後來在日常用語裡才轉成「醫生」這個治病的人。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), s.v. 'doctor'
Three branches
看病的人(醫生)
這是最常見、最具體的畫面:一個受過訓練、專門把生病或受傷的人弄好的人。核心那隻「把毛病弄好的手」在這裡就是醫生的手——你身體出狀況,就去找他。
medical doctor · noun · A1
Someone who is trained to help people who are sick or hurt.
醫生
有最高學位的人(博士)
這條其實是字源最老的一支:doctor 本來指「學問高到能教人的人」。它跟醫生那支同源但走的是學術路——把「精通到能教人」這層意思留了下來。
PhD holder · noun · A1
Someone who has the highest degree a university can give.
博士
動手腳(動詞)
動詞這支把名詞「醫生會在東西上動手把它弄好」的動作借過來,但翻成負面:不是光明正大地修,而是偷偷在東西上動手——同樣是「對某物施工改造」,只是出於不老實的目的。
falsify/tamper with · verb · A1
To dishonestly change something so that you get an unfair advantage.
竄改 / 動手腳
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
DOCTORphrase/ˈdɒktə/
A mnemonic to help remember the difference between the Spanish verbs ser and estar (both meaning "to be"); ser is generally used for: Descriptions, Occupations, Characteristics, Times, Origins, and Relationships.
Doctornoun
The title of an academic or medical doctor; used before or instead of the doctor's name.
doctornoun/ˈdɒktə(ɹ)/
A physician; a member of the medical profession; one who is trained and licensed to heal the sick or injured. The final examination and qualification may award a doctor degree in which case the post-nominal letters are DO, DPM, MD, DMD, or DDS in the US, or MBBS or BDS in the UK.
A person who has attained a doctorate, such as a Ph.D. or Th.D. or one of many other terminal degrees conferred by a college or university.
A veterinarian; a medical practitioner who treats non-human animals.
A nickname for a person who has special knowledge or talents to manipulate or arrange transactions.
obsoleteA teacher; one skilled in a profession or a branch of knowledge; a learned man.
datedAny mechanical contrivance intended to remedy a difficulty or serve some purpose in an exigency.
A fish, the friar skate.
obsoleteA witchdoctor.
obsoleteslangnauticaltransportA ship's cook.
doctorverb/ˈdɒktə(ɹ)/
To act as a medical doctor to.
To act as a medical doctor.
To make (someone) into an (academic) doctor; to confer a doctorate upon.
To physically alter (medically or surgically) a living being in order to change growth or behavior.
To genetically alter an extant species.
To alter or make obscure, as with the intention to deceive, especially a document.
To adulterate, drug, or poison (drink).
obsoleteTo take medicine.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。