核心畫面

One way to hold this word: a road you can walk or drive along until, quite suddenly, it stops. A wall, a fence or a building stands in front of you. Nothing is broken and nothing is wrong with the road — it simply does not go anywhere new. Three things live in that picture: you were moving forward, you cannot move forward now, and the only thing left is to go back and try another way. English lends that picture out to talks, searches and jobs.

可以想成一條路走到最後就沒了:前面一堵牆、一排房子,或乾脆是一片空地。路本身沒有壞,只是它不通到別的地方。這個畫面裡更多收起可以想成一條路走到最後就沒了:前面一堵牆、一排房子,或乾脆是一片空地。路本身沒有壞,只是它不通到別的地方。這個畫面裡有三件事——你本來一直往前、現在走不動了、而唯一剩下的選擇是回頭換一條路。英文把這個畫面借出去用:談判、調查,或一份怎麼待都升不上去的工作,只要「往前沒路、只能回頭重來」,都可以說是 a dead end。

Three branches

真的走不通的路

這一支就是畫面本身,字面用法,講的是地上真的一條路。

noun · B1

A street, lane, or path that is closed at one end, so there is no way through and you have to turn around and go back the way you came.

死路/死巷

走不下去的處境

把牆搬進事情裡:事情本來一直在前進,然後卡住,只能退回去換一條路。這是教學上的聯想連結,不是在說歷史上先有哪個用法。

noun · B2

A point in a plan, a discussion, a search, or a piece of work where nothing can move forward any more, so the people involved must stop or go back and try a different way.

僵局/死胡同

乾掉的末端(頭髮)

這一支比較靠 dead(乾掉、沒有生命)的意思,而不是「路被擋住」的畫面,所以放在旁邊而不硬接回核心。

noun · B2

The dry, damaged tip of a hair that has split or broken — usually said in the plural, dead ends, about hair that needs cutting.

分岔的髮尾