喜樂美語

核心畫面

One way to picture this little word: two things meeting head-on, face to face, pushing toward each other. That one picture splits into two big branches that feel quite different. One branch is conflict — your force set against someone else's: opposing a plan, playing an opponent, harming someone, defending against a threat, going up against a problem. The other branch is plain physical contact — one thing pressed up against the surface of another: a ladder leaning on a wall, rain hitting the glass, moving against the current, a tree dark against the sky. Same head-on meeting; one branch is a clash of wills, the other is just touching.

可以想成：兩樣東西迎面相對、面對面、朝彼此推過去。這一個畫面分成兩條感覺很不一樣的大支線。一條是「對抗」——你的力量…更多收起可以想成：兩樣東西迎面相對、面對面、朝彼此推過去。這一個畫面分成兩條感覺很不一樣的大支線。一條是「對抗」——你的力量頂著別人的力量：反對一個計畫、跟對手比賽、傷害某人、防範威脅、迎戰難題。另一條是單純的「貼著、碰到」——一個東西壓在另一個的表面上：梯子靠在牆上、雨打在玻璃上、逆著水流走、一棵樹襯在天空前顯得很黑。同樣是迎面相接，一條是意志的衝突，另一條只是接觸。

原始詞典資料18 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

againstprep/əˈɡɛ̟nst/

  • 1

    In a contrary direction to.

    • It is hard work to swim against the current.
  • 2

    In physical opposition to; in collision with.

    • The rain pounds against the window.
    • Ivor had acquired more than a mile of fishing rights with the house ; he was not at all a good fisherman, but one must do something ; one generally, however, banged a ball with a squash-racket against a wall.
  • 3

    In physical contact with, so as to abut or be supported by.

    • The ladder was leaning against the wall.
    • The puppy rested its head against a paw.
  • 4

    Close to, alongside.

    • A row of trees stood against a fence.
    • We expressed our readiness, and in ten minutes were in the station wagon, rolling rapidly down the long drive, for it was then after nine.[…]As we reached the lodge we heard the whistle, and we backed up against one side of the platform as the train pulled up at the other.
  • 5

    In front of; before (a background).

    • The giant was silhouetted against the door.
  • 6

    In contrast or comparison with.

    • There is an awesome authenticity in Barrus's voice which, I imagine, is frightening to those who must evaluate art against a one-dimensional standard of political rectitude.
    • He stands out against his classmates.
  • 7

    In competition with, versus.

    • The Tigers will play against the Bears this weekend.
    • “[…] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons ! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”
  • 8

    Contrary to; in conflict with.

    • Doing this is against my principles.
    • It is against the law to smoke on these premises.
另外 9 個記錄的用法
  • 9

    In opposition to.

    • Are you against freedom of choice?
    • He waged a ten-year campaign against the company that was polluting the river.
  • 10

    Of betting odds, denoting a worse-than-even chance.

    • That horse is fifty-to-one against, so it has virtually no chance of winning.
  • 11

    In exchange for.

    • The vouchers are redeemable against West End shows and theatre breaks.
  • 12

    As counterbalance to.

  • 13

    As a charge on.

    • Tax is levied against income from sales.
  • 14

    As protection from.

    • He turned the umbrella against the wind.
    • Beautie alone is a ſoveraigne remedy againſt feare,griefe,and all melancholy fits; a charm,as Peter de la Seine and many other writers affirme,a banquet it ſelfe;he gives inſtance in diſcontented Menelaus that was ſo often freed by Helenas faire face: and ʰTully, 3 Tusc. cites Epicurus as a chiefe patron of this Tenent.
  • 15

    In anticipation of; in preparation for (a particular time, event etc.).

    • The stores are kept well stocked against a time of need.
    • He wrote to a friend of his, that he lived but with browne bread and water, and entreated him to send him a piece of cheese, against [translating pour] the time he was to make a solemne feast.
  • 16

    To be paid now in contrast to the following amount to be paid later under specified circumstances, usually that a movie is made or has started filming.

    • The studio weren't sure the movie would ever get made, so they only paid $50,000 against $200,000. That way they wouldn't be out very much if filming never began.
    • “Hollywood noises” yielded an early $35,000 option against $100,000 if the movie was made.
  • 17

    obsoleteExposed to.

againstconj/əˈɡɛ̟nst/

  • 1

    obsoleteBy the time that (something happened); before.

    • Thence she them brought into a stately Hall, / Wherein were many tables faire dispred, / And ready dight with drapets festiuall, / Against the viaundes should be ministred.
    • He now gave Mrs Deborah positive orders to take the child to her own bed, and to call up a maid-servant to provide it pap, and other things, against it waked.

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。