核心畫面

You can think of it as a garment for the torso with no sleeves — it covers the trunk and stops at the shoulders, leaving the arms bare.

一件把軀幹包起來、但沒有袖子的衣服。它管的是胸、背、肚子這一塊,到肩膀就結束,手臂完全露在外面。所有 vest 的意更多收起一件把軀幹包起來、但沒有袖子的衣服。它管的是胸、背、肚子這一塊,到肩膀就結束,手臂完全露在外面。所有 vest 的意思都共用這個剪裁——差別只在它穿在哪一層、用什麼材質、為了什麼目的。另外要小心:英式和美式英文對 vest 的預設意思不一樣(英式先想到內衣,美式先想到西裝背心),看到這個字時最好先確認是誰在說話。

From the word’s history

From French veste, from Latin vestis "a garment, clothing" — the root simply means "something worn", which is why the word attaches so easily to any sleeveless body-covering.

來自法文 veste,再往上是拉丁文 vestis「衣服、穿的東西」,字根 *wes- 就是「穿」的意思(英文 wear 同源)。字根本身沒有指定任何款式,就是「穿在身上的東西」——所以這個字很容易黏上各種無袖的軀幹衣物。

Wiktionary: vest — from French veste ("a vest, jacket"), from Latin vestis ("a garment, gown, clothing"), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis, from *wes- ("to be dressed"); cognate with English wear.

Two branches

貼身穿的一層

無袖軀幹衣物穿在最裡面的那一層:直接貼著皮膚,別人看不到。

undershirt · noun · C1

A piece of underwear with no sleeves that you wear on the top half of your body.

內衣背心

穿在外面的一層

同樣的剪裁翻到外層來:這些是穿在襯衫或其他衣服之上的,而且都會被人看見,所以它們各自帶著明確的用途。

protective vest · noun · C1

A special piece of clothing with no sleeves that you wear over your clothes to protect your body.

防護背心

原始詞典資料15 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

Vestname

  • 1

    A surname.

vestnoun/vɛst/

  • 1

    A sleeveless garment that buttons down the front, worn over a shirt, and often as part of a suit; a waistcoat.

    • The Jones man was looking at her hard. Now he reached into the hatch of his vest and fetched out a couple of cigars, everlasting big ones, with gilt bands on them.
  • 2

    A sleeveless garment, often with a low-cut neck, usually worn under a shirt or blouse.

  • 3

    A sleeveless top, typically with identifying colours or logos, worn by an athlete or member of a sports team.

  • 4

    Any sleeveless outer garment, often for a purpose such as identification, safety, or storage.

    • He gripped some of the shreds and pulled off his vest and the shirt beneath it, his clothing disintegrating around him. What in the hell point was there in wearing a twenty-five-pound bulletproof vest if you could still get gunned to death?
  • 5

    A vestment.

    • In state attended by her maiden train, / Who bore the vests that holy rites require.
  • 6

    Clothing generally; array; garb.

    • Not seldom, clad in radiant vest / Deceitfully goes forth the morn.
  • 7

    archaicA loose robe or outer garment worn historically by men in Arab or Middle Eastern countries.

vestverb/vɛst/

  • 1

    To clothe with, or as with, a vestment, or garment; to dress; to robe; to cover, surround, or encompass closely.

    • Came vested all in white, pure as her mind.
    • With ether vested, and a purple sky.
  • 2

    To clothe with authority, power, etc.; to put in possession; to invest; to furnish; to endow; followed by with and the thing conferred.

    • to vest a court with power to try cases of life and death
    • Had thy poor breast receiv’d an equal pain; / Had I been vested with the monarch’s power; / Thou must have sigh’d, unlucky youth, in vain; / Nor from my bounty hadst thou found a cure.
  • 3

    To place or give into the possession or discretion of some person or authority; to commit to another; with in before the possessor.

    • The power of life and death is vested in the king, or in the courts.
    • , Book I Empire and dominion […] was vested in him.
  • 4

    lawTo clothe with possession; also, to give a person an immediate fixed right of present or future enjoyment of.

    • to vest a person with an estate
    • an estate is vested in possession
  • 5

    law(of an inheritance or a trust fund) To devolve upon the person currently entitled when a prior interest has ended.

    • Upon the death of the Sovereign the Crown automatically vests in the next heir without the need of coronation or other formality.
  • 6

    businessfinanceTo become vested, to become permanent.

    • My pension vests at the end of the month and then I can take it with me when I quit.
    • If you doubt that you'll stick around at the company long enough for your options to vest, you should discount the value for that uncertainty as well.
  • 7

    obsoleteTo invest; to put.

    • to vest money in goods, land, or houses

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。