- 1
So far beyond what is reasonable or decent that it is genuinely shocking. This is a strong, formal word with two closely tied uses.
So far beyond what is reasonable or decent遠遠超出合理或正當的範圍 that it is genuinely shocking誇張到真的讓人震驚。 This is a strong, formal word這是一個語氣很強、很正式的字 with two closely tied uses有兩個彼此相關的用法。
The moral one is the original: an act so wrong that no person with a conscience could do it or defend it — *an unconscionable betrayal*, *it would be unconscionable to leave them with nothing*. The second, now very common, is about sheer excess: *an unconscionable amount of time*, *an unconscionable delay*, *unconscionable prices*. Here the speaker is saying the amount is outrageous, and often stretching the word a bit for effect — some careful writers grumble about that, but it is completely standard now, and you will meet it far more often than the pure moral sense.
The moral one is the original道德上的用法是最原始的: an act so wrong that no person with a conscience could do it or defend it指一件事錯到有良心的人做不出來、也沒辦法替它辯護 — *an unconscionable betrayal*像 an unconscionable betrayal(喪盡天良的背叛), *it would be unconscionable to leave them with nothing*、it would be unconscionable to leave them with nothing(讓他們什麼都不剩,那太昧著良心了)。 The second, now very common, is about sheer excess第二種用法現在很常見,講的是純粹的過分、超出常理: *an unconscionable amount of time*像 an unconscionable amount of time(誇張到不合理的時間), *an unconscionable delay*、an unconscionable delay(誇張的延誤), *unconscionable prices*、unconscionable prices(誇張的價格)。 Here the speaker is saying the amount is outrageous這裡說話者是在說數量誇張到離譜, and often stretching the word a bit for effect而且常常是故意把這個字用得誇張一點,加強效果 — some careful writers grumble about that有些講究的寫作者會對這種用法有點意見, but it is completely standard now但這種用法現在完全是標準用法, and you will meet it far more often than the pure moral sense而且你遇到它的機率比純粹道德意義上的用法高得多。
It also has a precise legal life: in contract law an *unconscionable contract* is one so unfair to one side that a court can refuse to enforce it, usually because one party had far more power or information. That legal use is where the word is sharpest.
It also has a precise legal life它在法律上也有一個精確的用法: in contract law an *unconscionable contract*在契約法裡,an unconscionable contract(顯失公平的契約) is one so unfair to one side that a court can refuse to enforce it是指對一方不公平到法院可以拒絕強制執行的契約, usually because one party had far more power or information通常是因為其中一方的權力或資訊遠遠超過另一方。 That legal use is where the word is sharpest這個法律用法,是這個字意思最精確、最鋒利的地方。
In tone it is and a little old-fashioned-sounding; in ordinary speech people say *outrageous*, *ridiculous*, or *appalling*. Note the pronunciation: the sc is just an /ʃ/ sound — un-CON-shun-a-bul, four beats after the un.
In tone it is bookish and a little old-fashioned-sounding語氣上它很書面,聽起來有點老派; in ordinary speech people say *outrageous*, *ridiculous*, or *appalling*日常口語裡人們會說 outrageous、ridiculous 或 appalling。 Note the pronunciation注意發音: the sc is just an /ʃ/ soundsc 就是唸 /ʃ/ 的音 — un-CON-shun-a-bul, four beats after the un念作 un-CON-shun-a-bul,un 後面共四個音節,重音在 CON。
組成un- (not) + conscionable (an old adjective meaning 'guided by conscience'). Conscionable came from conscience, which is Latin con- (together, thoroughly) + scire (to know) — 'knowing within yourself' what is right. So unconscionable is: not something your inner knowing could accept. The odd part is that conscionable has died out of everyday English, leaving the negative standing alone.
同家族的字
- consciencethe source — the inner sense of right the word appeals to
- consciousthe same Latin scire (to know) + con-
- sciencethe scire root again — knowing
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
unconscionableadj/ənˈkɔn.ʃən.ə.bəl/
- 1
Not conscionable; unscrupulous and lacking principles or conscience.
- When Roger assured him that prospects "looked very good" for a retrial, even a reversal of the verdict, since Roger had discovered "unconscionable errors" in the trial, Jackson grunted in bemusement and smiled with half his mouth.
- In a statement on Friday announcing her withdrawal, [Arundhati] Roy, who had been planning to attend a screening of her recently restored 1989 film In Which Annie Gives it Those Ones, called the comments “unconscionable” and feared they had reached “millions of people across the world”.
- 2
Excessive, imprudent or unreasonable.
- The effective rate of interest was unconscionable, but not legally usurious.
- [...] and the agrieved person shall doe more manly, to be extraordinary and singular in claiming the due right whereof he is frustrated, then to piece up his lost contentment by visiting the Stews, or stepping to his neighbours bed, which is the common shift in this mis-fortune, or els by suffering his usefull life to wast away and be lost under a secret affliction of an unconscionable size to humane strength.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。