字面:刺穿、釘住
這一支就是核心畫面本身,沒有經過比喻。
verb · C2
To push a spear, arrow, pin or other sharp thing right through something or someone, so that the thing is held in place and cannot move. This use belongs to stories, poems and older writing.
刺穿並釘住
One picture carries both uses of the verb: something sharp goes all the way through a thing and holds it where it stands. Not just a wound — a pin. Whatever has been transfixed is now fixed. Modern English mostly uses the picture rather than the act: a sight, a sound or a piece of news goes through you, and your feet stop working.
From Latin transfigo, to pierce through: trans- (through) plus figo (to pierce), reaching English through Old and Middle French transfixer.
來自拉丁文 transfigō「刺穿」:trans-(穿過)加 figō(刺),再經由古法文、中古法文的 transfixer 進入英文。所以「刺穿並釘住」是這個字最早的樣子,「讓人定住不動」是從它長出來的比喻。
Wiktionary entry 'transfix' (etymology 1), source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:830494463
Two branches
字面:刺穿、釘住
這一支就是核心畫面本身,沒有經過比喻。
verb · C2
To push a spear, arrow, pin or other sharp thing right through something or someone, so that the thing is held in place and cannot move. This use belongs to stories, poems and older writing.
刺穿並釘住
比喻:整個人被定住
把「被釘在原地」從物體移到人身上:釘住你的不是尖銳的東西,而是眼前的畫面。
verb · C1
To surprise, interest, frighten or amaze someone so much that they stop moving and just stare. You meet it most often in the passive: someone is transfixed by something, or stands transfixed.
使愣住
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
transfixverb詞源 1
To render motionless, by arousing terror, amazement or awe.
To pierce with a sharp pointed weapon.
To fix or impale.
transfixnoun詞源 2
human-scienceslinguisticssciencesA discontinuous affix, typical of Afro-Asiatic languages, which occurs at more than one position in a word, i.e. a combination of prefixes, infixes and/or suffixes.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。