A surgeon is a doctor who treats people by cutting into the body — taking out something diseased, repairing a broken part, replacing a joint. The work they do is called surgery, and one piece of that work is an operation.

A surgeon一個surgeon is是 a doctor who treats people by cutting into the body一個透過切開身體來治療病人的醫生——taking out something diseased把有病的東西取出來、repairing a broken part修復壞掉的部位、replacing a joint更換關節。The work they do is called surgery他們做的這份工作叫做surgery, and one piece of that work is an operation而其中一項工作就是一次operation（手術）。

English separates doctors more sharply than students expect. Your family doctor listens, examines, and gives you medicine; a surgeon operates. Both are doctors, but a surgeon spends years training on top of medical school.

English separates doctors more sharply than students expect英語對醫生的分類，比學生預期得更嚴格。Your family doctor listens, examines, and gives you medicine你的家庭醫生會聽你說、幫你檢查、開藥給你;a surgeon operates而surgeon是動手術的。Both are doctors兩者都是醫生, but a surgeon spends years training on top of medical school但surgeon在念完醫學院之後還要再受好幾年的訓練。

There are many kinds: a heart surgeon, a brain surgeon (also called a neurosurgeon), an eye surgeon, an orthopaedic surgeon for bones, a plastic surgeon for reshaping and repairing the body's outside. "Plastic surgeon" has nothing to do with plastic the material — the word there means shaping.

There are many kinds有很多種:a heart surgeon心臟外科醫生, a brain surgeon (also called a neurosurgeon)腦外科醫生（也叫做neurosurgeon）, an eye surgeon眼科手術醫生, an orthopaedic surgeon for bones處理骨頭的骨科醫生, a plastic surgeon for reshaping and repairing the body's outside處理身體外觀重塑和修復的整形外科醫生。"Plastic surgeon" has nothing to do with plastic the material「Plastic surgeon」跟塑膠這個材質一點關係都沒有——the word there means shaping那裡的plastic意思是「塑形」。

One British oddity worth knowing: senior surgeons in the UK are addressed as Mr, Mrs or Ms, not Dr. This looks like a demotion but is a mark of honour, going back to when surgeons trained by apprenticeship rather than at university. In Taiwan, the US, and most of the world, a surgeon is simply Dr.

One British oddity worth knowing值得知道的一個英國特殊之處:senior surgeons in the UK are addressed as Mr, Mrs or Ms, not Dr英國資深的surgeon被稱呼為Mr、Mrs或Ms，而不是Dr。This looks like a demotion but is a mark of honour這看起來像降級，其實是一種榮譽的象徵, going back to when surgeons trained by apprenticeship rather than at university這可以追溯到surgeon是靠學徒制訓練、而不是在大學受訓的年代。In Taiwan, the US, and most of the world在台灣、美國、和世界大多數地方, a surgeon is simply Dr一個surgeon就只是Dr。

The phrase "it's not brain surgery" means "this is not difficult" — friendly, everyday, and very common.

The phrase "it's not brain surgery" means "this is not difficult"「it's not brain surgery」這句話的意思是「這不難」——friendly, everyday, and very common這句話很親切、很日常、也非常常見。