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Relativism is a family of ideas in philosophy: that right and wrong, or true and false, are not fixed for everyone in every place, and that you can only judge them from inside a culture, a time, or a point of view. The tidy school-book line is “nothing is absolutely true.” Though actually, philosophers argue about which kind they mean — moral relativism (about good and bad), cultural relativism (about how we look at other societies), or ideas about knowledge and truth.
Relativism is a family of ideas in philosophyrelativism是哲學裡的一整組概念 that right and wrong, or true and false, are not fixed for everyone in every place主張對錯或真假,並不是對每個人、每個地方都一樣固定的 and that you can only judge them from inside a culture, a time, or a point of view而且只能從某個文化、某個時代、或某個角度裡面來判斷 The tidy school-book line is "nothing is absolutely true."課本上簡化的說法是「沒有東西是絕對真的」 Though actually, philosophers argue about which kind they mean不過哲學家其實會爭論到底是指哪一種 moral relativism (about good and bad)像是moral relativism(跟善惡有關的道德相對主義) cultural relativism (about how we look at other societies)cultural relativism(跟我們怎麼看待其他社會有關的文化相對主義) or ideas about knowledge and truth或是跟知識和真理有關的想法
Some people use relativism as a complaint, as if it meant “anything goes.” That is looser than how careful writers use it. The word belongs in classrooms, essays, and serious talk, not in the market.
Some people use relativism as a complaint, as if it meant "anything goes."有些人把relativism當成一種抱怨的說法,好像它的意思是「什麼都可以」 That is looser than how careful writers use it這比嚴謹的作者實際使用這個字的方式要鬆散得多 The word belongs in classrooms, essays, and serious talk, not in the market這個字適合出現在教室、論文、和正經的討論裡,不是市場裡會講的話
Do not mix it up with Einstein’s relativity, which is a theory in physics about space and time, not a belief about right and wrong.
Do not mix it up with Einstein's relativity不要把它跟愛因斯坦的relativity(相對論)搞混 which is a theory in physics about space and time, not a belief about right and wrong那是物理學裡跟空間和時間有關的理論,不是對於對錯的一種主張
組成relative + -ism (the ending that names a belief or system of ideas).
同家族的字
- relativethe adjective this is built from: depending on something else
- relativitysame first half, different ending; relativity in physics is Einstein’s theory, not this belief
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
relativismnoun
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human-sciencesphilosophysciencesThe theory, especially in ethics or aesthetics, that conceptions of truth and moral values are not absolute but are relative to the persons or groups holding them.
- We thus reach a position of extreme relativism: different 'truths' may be useful in different historical situations, and it is quite possible that any truth is valid only for a particular epoch or social class.
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human-sciencesphilosophysciencesA specific such theory, advocated by a particular philosopher or school of thought.
- Following Gilbert Harman’s lead, my own formulation of relativism about the normative domain was based on the classic examples of thoroughgoing relativisms drawn from physics.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。