核心畫面

Think of drawing someone's profile: you see them from the side, you catch only an outline, and from those few lines you say what kind of person that is. Profiling can be thought of the same way. Someone gathers the few traces they can see — what a crime shows, what a person looks like, what a clicks — draws an outline from them, and then acts on the outline as though it were the whole person. Everything in this word turns on that gap between the outline and the person.

profiling 可以想成在畫側臉。你只看得到側面,只抓得到一條輪廓,然後就從那幾筆線條說出「這大概是什麼樣的人」更多收起profiling 可以想成在畫側臉。你只看得到側面,只抓得到一條輪廓,然後就從那幾筆線條說出「這大概是什麼樣的人」。這個字的各種用法,都像從這個畫面長出來的:有人把看得到的少數痕跡蒐集起來——案發現場透露的事、一個人的外表、一個顧客點過什麼——描出一條輪廓,接著就把那條輪廓當成整個人來對待。這個字最關鍵的地方,一直都在「輪廓」跟「本人」之間的那段距離。

Three branches

從線索拼出一個未知的人

最接近「畫側臉」的原始畫面:被畫出來的是一個還沒被找到的人。

noun · C1

Offender profiling is the work of studying a crime, especially a very serious one such as a murder, and working out from what the crime shows what kind of person is likely to have done it.

犯罪側寫

用群體的輪廓去挑人

同樣是照輪廓辦事,但這次輪廓是先畫好的,而且被套在一個真實的人身上。

noun · B2

The practice of stopping, searching, or checking people because of the race or other group they belong to, when the police or officials believe that people in that group are more likely to break the law.

種族定性(差別盤查)

用資料拼出一個消費者

還是同一張輪廓,只是這次的線條是點擊、購買紀錄和瀏覽足跡。

noun · B2

The work of collecting and sorting information about people — what they buy, where they go, what they look at online — so that a company can decide what to try to sell them and how.

用戶側寫(客群分析)

原始詞典資料3 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

profilingnoun

  • 1

    The forensic science of constructing an outline of a person's individual characteristics.

    • "If you're accused of profiling or pretextual stops, you can bring your daily logbook to court and document that pulling over motorists for 'stickler' reasons is part of your customary pattern," Remsberg writes, "not a glaring exception conveniently dusted off in the defendant's case."
  • 2

    historicalgovernmentmilitarypoliticsIn the construction of fieldworks, the erection at proper intervals of wooden profiles, to show to the workmen the sectional form of the parapets at those points.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形:

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。