追問根本問題的人
兩個意思共用同一張圖，差別只在這件事是不是他的專業。
philosopher (academic) · noun · B2
Someone who studies and builds up ideas about the biggest questions: what it means to exist, what is true, and what is good or bad.
哲學家
核心畫面
A picture that works here: someone who will not stop at the easy answer. Where most people accept how things are and get on with the day, this person keeps turning the question over — what is really true, what does it mean to be alive, what makes something good. The word covers both the trained whose job this is, and the ordinary person who simply has that habit of mind.
一個不肯停在現成答案的人。多數人接受事情本來的樣子，然後繼續過日子；這種人卻一直把問題翻來覆去——到底什麼是真的、活…更多收起
一個不肯停在現成答案的人。多數人接受事情本來的樣子，然後繼續過日子；這種人卻一直把問題翻來覆去——到底什麼是真的、活著是怎麼回事、什麼算好什麼算壞。這個字同時罩得住兩種人：以此為業、受過訓練的思想家，和只是天生有這種心智習慣的普通人。兩者共用的不是學歷，而是那個「還要再想下去」的動作。From the word’s history
From Greek 'philosophos' — philos 'loving' + sophia 'wisdom': a lover of wisdom, someone drawn to understanding rather than someone who owns it.
來自希臘文 philosophos：philo-「愛」＋ sophia「智慧」，字面是「愛智慧的人」。這個字根很說明問題——它形容的是「被理解吸引」的那份傾向，而不是「已經擁有答案」的身分。所以它從一開始就同時容得下學者與愛思考的一般人。philo- 這個「愛」也出現在 philanthropy（愛人類→慈善）裡。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline), entry 'philosopher / philosophy'
One branch
原始詞典資料6 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
philosophernoun/fɪˈlɒs.ə.fə(ɹ)/
- 1
A lover of wisdom.
- 2
A student of philosophy.
- 3
A scholar or expert engaged in or contributing to philosophical inquiry.
- Not much later—perhaps only two or three weeks later he has discovered meaning in them; he knows that they say "The cat sat on the hat." How this happens no one really knows, despite the efforts of philosophers and psychologists over two and a half millennia to study the phenomenon.
- Their playwrights knew better. Scandal, murder, hair-rending and railing against the gods sold tickets. King is not a philosopher. He knows how to sell tickets.
- 4
archaicA person who applies the principles of philosophy to the conduct of their life, as by acting calmly and rationally in the face of inevitable change.
- Then certaine Philosophers of the Epicureans, and of the Stoikes, encountred him
- This is not the sort of happiness which a man would in general wish to owe to his wife; but where other powers of entertainment are wanting, the true philosopher will derive benefit from such as are given.
- 5
archaicA student, scholar, or expert in any branch of knowledge, especially those branches studied prior to being considered part of pure science.
- 6
obsoleteAn alchemist.
- Then thus conclude I, since that God of heaven Will not that these philosophers neven How that a man shall come unto this stone, I rede as for the best to let it gon.
- No further progress was made in this science until the Mohammedan alchemists embarked upon their search for the philosopher's stone, the elixir of life, and a method of transmuting base metals into gold.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。