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Parthenogenesis is a way a new plant or animal can come into being from a female, without a male taking part in fertilisation. The offspring grow from an egg (or a similar cell) that did not need sperm. Some do this for stretches of the year; some lizards, some fish, and some plants can too. It is a biology word, used in textbooks and science talk, not in ordinary chat. The Greek pieces mean ‘virgin’ and ‘coming into being’, so older writing sometimes called it ‘virgin birth’ — though actually that everyday phrase makes people think of a miracle story, and the science word is only about reproduction without a male. It is not the same as cloning in a lab, and it is not an animal changing sex. Males are simply not needed for that particular birth. Many species that can do this still use two sexes at other times.
孤雌生殖、單性生殖（生物課本用語）。不是宗教裡說的「童女生子」。
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
parthenogenesisnoun/ˌpɑːθɪnəʊˈd͡ʒɛnɪsɪs/
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biologynatural-sciencesReferring to various aspects of asexual reproduction:
- Scientists say the birth is the second confirmed instance of a shark being conceived by parthenogenesis, a process in which an unfertilised egg develops into a new individual.
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biologynatural-sciencesReferring to various aspects of asexual reproduction:
- An all female race, the asari reproduce through a form of parthenogenesis. Each asari can attune her nervous system to that of another individual of any gender, and of any species, to reproduce. This capability has led to unseemly and inaccurate rumors about asari promiscuity.
- As an “all-female” humanoid species not bound to the traditional forms of mating, in that they reproduce through a form of telepathic parthenogenesis, the design of the Asari collapses boundaries of sex and sexuality. The Asari are a species rendered as Other, even in comparison to the various beings populating the gameworld.
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figurative uses of the biological senses
- We may learn, to be sure, plenty of lessons from Shakespeare. We are not likely to have kingdoms to divide, crowns foretold us by weird sisters, a father’s death to avenge, or to kill our wives from jealously ; but Lear may teach us to draw the line more clearly between a wise generosity and a loose-handed weakness of giving ; Macbeth, how one sin involves another, and forever another, by a fatal parthenogenesis, and that the key which unlocks forbidden doors to our will or passion leaves a stain on the hand, that may not be so dark as blood, but that will not out ; Hamlet, that all the noblest gifts of person, temperament, and mind slip like sand through the grasp of an infirm purpose ; Othello, that the perpetual silt of some one weakness, the eddies of a suspicious temper depositing their one impalpable layer after another, may build up a shoal on which an heroic life and an otherwise magnanimous nature may bilge and go to pieces.
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lifestylereligiontheologyVirgin birth, in reference to the Virgin Mary and Jesus Christ.
- So one might reasonably be led to hold, for instance, that the parthenogenesis of Christ does not beget faith in Christ […]
- His theology offers four objections on dogmatic grounds commonly adduced by contemporary Protestant criticism to cast doubt on Mary’s parthenogenesis.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。