喜樂美語

核心畫面

Fall is the moving picture; fallen is the picture after it stops. Fallen can be thought of as the still frame at the end: it came down, and it is still down. That is why fallen leaves are on the ground, not in the air — the word is about the state that the drop left behind, and every other use puts a person, not a leaf, in that same finished-and-down position.

fall 是動作，fallen 可以想成動作結束後定格的那一張：東西已經下來了，而且還在下面。所以 fallen l…更多收起fall 是動作，fallen 可以想成動作結束後定格的那一張：東西已經下來了，而且還在下面。所以 fallen leaves 是躺在地上的葉子，不是正在飄的葉子——這個字講的不是掉的過程，是掉完之後留下來的狀態。它其他的用法，就是把躺在地上的那個位置換成一個人。

Two branches

已經掉下來，還在下面

核心畫面本身：掉完之後的定格。差別只在它是掛在 have 後面當動詞，還是直接擺在名詞前面當形容詞。

past participle of fall · verb · A2

The past participle of 'fall', used with have, has, or had to say something has dropped, come down, or gone lower.

跌落（fall 的過去分詞）

人也可以是「已經下去了」的那一個

把地上的那樣東西換成人。同樣是「下去了、回不來了」，只是往下的方向不同：一種是倒在戰場上，一種是從當時社會給的位置上掉下來。

soldiers killed in war · adjective · C1

A formal word for soldiers who have died in a war; used as 'the fallen'.

陣亡者 / 犧牲的將士

原始詞典資料9 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

fallenadj/ˈfɔːlən/

  • 1

    Having dropped by the force of gravity.

    • fallen raindrops
  • 2

    Killed, especially in battle.

    • a ceremony to honor fallen soldiers
    • the disposal of fallen livestock
  • 3

    Having lost one's chastity.

    • a fallen woman
    • Madam Julia was the town's ranking prostitute; virtuous female society demanded that they not suffer the unbearable pain of looking at, and being in company with, a fallen woman— one of the happiest, fallenest women in history, by the way.
  • 4

    Having collapsed.

    • a fallen building
  • 5

    Having lost prestige, (Christian) grace, etc.

    • That fallenest of our fallen race has left town — said to be near Fontainebleau by some, in Italy by others. More consequent with himself than usual, he is fulfilling, in the only possible way left open to him, his promise […]

fallennoun/ˈfɔːlən/

  • 1

    The dead.

  • 2

    Casualties of battle or war.

  • 3

    ChristianityOne who has fallen, as from grace.

    • In the Augustinian period, however, sin was held to be a death-inflicting agent, implying that the fallen was dead, and had to be restored to life.

這個拼法也被記錄為下列字的變化形：

資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。