核心畫面
You can think of 'else' as a little word that points away from what's already on the table toward 'other / the rest' — beyond this one, what other? From that pointing-elsewhere idea also grows the warning 'or else': do this, OR (the other thing) happens.
可以想成 else 是一個小小的「指向別處」的詞：把已經講到的那個放一邊，指向「其他的、別的、剩下的」——除了這個之…更多收起
可以想成 else 是一個小小的「指向別處」的詞：把已經講到的那個放一邊，指向「其他的、別的、剩下的」——除了這個之外，還有什麼別的？這個「另外、別的」的核心，也延伸出 or else 的用法：要嘛這樣，不然（就是另一種情況／壞結果）。原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Elsename
- 1
A surname.
elseadj/ɛls/
- 1
Other; in addition to previously mentioned items.
- The instructor is busy. Can anyone else help me?
- Whatever else she may be, she is not a surgeon.
elseadv/ɛls/
- 1
Otherwise, if not.
- How else (= in what other way) can it be done?
- I'm busy Friday; when else (= what other time) works for you?
elseconj/ɛls/
- 1
For otherwise; or else.
- Then the Wronskian of f and g must be nonzero, else they could not be linearly independent.
- He had never seen dogs fight as these wolfish creatures fought, and his first experience taught him an unforgetable lesson. It is true, it was a vicarious experience, else he would not have lived to profit by it.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。