A defeatist is someone who has already decided they will lose, before the fight, the test, or the job is even finished. They expect the worst, so they stop trying, or they try with a heavy heart.

A defeatist失敗主義者 is是 someone who一種人 before the fight, the test, or the job在比賽、考試或工作 is even finished甚至都還沒結束之前 has already decided就已經認定 they will lose自己會輸。 They他們 expect the worst預期最壞的結果 so所以 they stop trying就放棄嘗試 or要嘛 they try with a heavy heart心情沉重地去嘗試

You can use it as a noun (he is a defeatist) or as an adjective (a defeatist attitude).

You你 can use it可以把它 as a noun當名詞用 (he is a defeatist)（he is a defeatist） or或 as an adjective當形容詞用 (a defeatist attitude)（a defeatist attitude）

It is not a kind word. If you call someone a defeatist, you are usually saying they have given up too soon.

It這 is not不是 a kind word一個友善的詞。 If如果 you call someone a defeatist你說某人是失敗主義者 you are usually saying通常是在說 they have given up too soon他們太早放棄了

People use it in sport, in talk about war, at work, and about life in general. It shows up more in writing and serious talk than in very casual chat.

in sport在運動 in talk about war談論戰爭 at work職場 and about life in general還有泛指人生的時候 People大家 use it都會用這個詞。 in writing and serious talk在書面語和正式談話裡 than比 in very casual chat在很隨性的閒聊裡 It它 shows up more出現的頻率較高

Though actually, a person can feel hopeless without being a defeatist in this full sense: the word points to a habit of mind, not one bad day.

Though actually不過其實 a person can feel hopeless一個人可以感到絕望 without being a defeatist in this full sense卻不算是完全意義上的失敗主義者 the word points to這個詞指的是 a habit of mind一種心態習慣 not不是 one bad day某一個倒楣的日子