自己敢不敢跨那一步
這一組就是核心畫面本身：那條讓人退縮的線，和你有沒有跨過去。
be brave enough · verb · B1
To be brave enough to do something risky or frightening — used most often in questions and negative sentences.
敢
核心畫面
Picture something that makes you nervous, and picture yourself taking one step toward it anyway. That step is dare. The word does not say what you did; it says whether you had the nerve to cross the line that makes people hold back. That is why it lives mostly in questions and negatives — what actually gets talked about is the nerve itself.
可以想成有件事讓你發毛，你卻還是把腳往前踏了一步：那一步就是 dare。它不描述你做了什麼，只描述你有沒有膽量跨過那…更多收起
可以想成有件事讓你發毛，你卻還是把腳往前踏了一步：那一步就是 dare。它不描述你做了什麼，只描述你有沒有膽量跨過那條讓人退縮的線。也因為這樣，這個字幾乎都出現在問句和否定句裡——真正被拿出來講的，通常是「敢不敢」這個關卡本身。From the word’s history
Middle English durren, daren, from Old English durran, an irregular preterite-present verb of the same small class as can, may and owe. That old class is why dare still behaves half like a modal (Dare he ask? / He dare not) and why it clusters in questions and negatives. The sense 'to challenge or defy someone' is recorded by the 1570s, and the noun 'a challenge, defiance' from the 1590s.
dare 來自古英語 durran，是和 can、may、owe 同一小類的「過去現在式動詞」。這段身世解釋了它今天為什麼還半個像助動詞：Dare he ask?、He dare not 都不加 does，而且特別愛出現在問句和否定句裡。「激別人、向人挑戰」的意思約在 1570 年代出現，名詞「挑戰、膽量賭注」約在 1590 年代。
Online Etymology Dictionary (etymonline.com), entries 'dare (v.)' and 'dare (n.)'
Four branches
把那條線指向對方
同一條線，但講的是別人：你居然有膽跨過來。膽量在這裡不是稱讚，而是說話的人震驚或生氣的理由。
how dare you · verb · B1
To have the nerve to do something wrong, said with anger and shock.
竟敢
激別人去跨那條線
膽量從自己身上移到別人身上：你把線推到他面前，逼他證明自己敢。這一組同時包含這個動作，和被丟出來的那個挑戰本身。
challenge someone · verb · B1
To challenge someone to do something risky or embarrassing, to prove they are not afraid.
激；慫恿挑戰
I dare say 的固定說法
把「敢」用在說話上：我有沒有膽量把這句話講出口。這個說法後來磨成固定用語，膽量的成分愈磨愈淡，最後剩下的主要是語氣。
I dare say (prefacing an unwelcome remark) · verb · B2
Used before saying something that other people may not want to accept or believe.
容我說；恕我直言
原始詞典資料15 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Darename
- 1
A surname.
dareverb詞源 1/dɛə/
- 1
To have enough courage (to do something).
- I wouldn't dare (to) argue with my boss.
- No one dares (to) criticize his decisions.
- 2
To defy or challenge (someone to do something).
- I dare you to kiss that girl.
- Don't back away just yet / From destinations set / I dare you to be proud / To dare to shout aloud / For convictions that you feel / Like sound from bells to peal
- 3
To have enough courage to meet or do something, go somewhere, etc.; to face up to.
- Will you dare death to reach your goal?
- To wrest it from barbarism, to dare its solitudes.
- 4
To terrify; to daunt.
- For I have done those follies, those mad mischiefs, Would dare a woman.
- 5
archaicTo drive larks to the ground by scaring them (for instance, with mirrors or hawks) so they can be caught in nets.
- I have an hobby can make larks to dare
- dare us, like larks
darenoun詞源 1/dɛə/
- 1
A challenge to prove courage.
- I did it just for a dare.
- 2
The quality of daring; venturesomeness; boldness.
- It lends a lustre […] / A large dare to our great enterprise.
- 3
Defiance; challenge.
- Childish, unworthy dares / Are not enough to part our powers.
- Sextus Pompeius / Hath given the dare to Caesar.
- 4
gamesIn the game truth or dare, the choice to perform a dare set by the other players.
- When asked truth or dare, she picked dare.
dareverb詞源 2/dɛə/
- 1
obsoleteTo stare stupidly or vacantly; to gaze as though amazed or terrified.
- 2
obsoleteTo lie or crouch down in fear.
darenoun詞源 3/dɛə/
- 1
A small fish, the dace
- The Dare is not unlike a Chub, but proportionably less; his Body is more white and flatter, and his Tail more forked.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。