Creamer is cream plus -er: the thing that does the cream job. Hold a picture of a coffee table. Somewhere on it is whatever turns the dark cup pale and soft. Sometimes that is the pale stuff itself, poured from a bottle or shaken from a packet. Sometimes it is the tiny sealed pot one serving arrives in. Sometimes it is the little the cream is poured from. The word points at whichever one is doing that job.

「creamer」可以想成 cream 加上 -er,也就是「負責『奶』那件事的那一樣東西」。畫面是一張放著咖啡的桌子:桌上總有一樣東西,負責把黑黑的那杯變白、變柔。有時候它指那份白白的東西本身,有時候指裝著一人份的小杯,有時候指拿來倒的小壺。哪一樣在做「奶」這件事,creamer 就指哪一樣。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary records creamer as cream + -er, with cream coming through Middle English creme from Old French cresme. The -er ending names the thing that does something, which is why one word ends up covering both the stuff and the vessel.

Wiktionary 記載 creamer 由 cream 加 -er 構成,cream 經中古英語 creme 來自古法文 cresme。-er 的作用是「做那件事的那個東西」,所以同一個字才會既指那份奶,也指裝奶的容器。

Wiktionary, "creamer"

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