核心畫面
Picture a whole country run like one shared household: the government decides what gets grown, built and handed out, and no one holds a field, a shop or a factory as their own. The word covers both that arrangement when it is actually running, and the idea in people's heads that a country ought to be run that way.
可以想成一個國家被當成「一個共同的大家庭」在經營:田要種什麼、工廠要做什麼、東西怎麼分,都由政府決定,土地、店面、工…更多收起
可以想成一個國家被當成「一個共同的大家庭」在經營:田要種什麼、工廠要做什麼、東西怎麼分,都由政府決定,土地、店面、工廠沒有人能說「這是我的」。這個字同時裝得下兩件事——實際運轉起來的那套安排,以及人腦子裡「國家就該這樣辦」的那個主張。原始詞典資料9 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Communismnoun/kɒ.mjə.nɪ.zəm/
- 1
The ideology of political parties that use the term Communist in their names, usually Marxist and Leninist.
- 2
The socio-economic system based on such parties' ideologies.
- 3
informalA state of affairs perceived as oppressive, overly arbitrary, or totalitarian.
- . ..he shouldn't...just...[say]..."I -- I am responsible for prosperity,"...that's Communism, Sir, you see.
- Although her elder daughter, Jane, complains, “that's Communism,” Mrs. Hilton rents her own bedroom to a retired colonel.
communismnoun/ˈkɒmjᵿnɪz(ə)m/
- 1
Any far-left political ideology or philosophy advocating holding the production of resources collectively, especially by seizing it through revolution.
- I want to gather together about twenty souls and sail away from this world of war and squalor and found a little colony where there shall be no money but a sort of communism as far as necessaries of life go, and some real decency.
- Engels observes in one of his early writings that the Hegelian Left was the natural approach to communism, and that Hegelian communists such as Hess, Ruge, and Herwegh were a proof that the Germans must adopt communism if they were to remain faithful to their philosophical tradition from Kant to Hegel.
- 2
Any political social system that implements a communist political philosophy.
- 3
The international socialist society where classes, money, and the state no longer exist.
- 4
derogatoryAny left-wing ideology, government regulations, or policies promoting a welfare state, nationalisation, etc.
- This tax plan is communism!
- 5
rareReadiness to share scientific findings (the first of the Mertonian norms).
- A recent survey of 633 South Korean scientists found not only that communism was the Mertonian norm they thought most respected in practice (Kim and Kim 2018, 9), but also that younger scientists’ replies showed evidence of ‘mounting tension between the commercialisation of academic science and the norm of communalism’ (Kim and Kim 2018, 19). Our focus on scientific communism and its relationship to commercial research may thus reflect the concerns of working scientists.
- 6
rarecommunality, sharedness.
- Rational expectations econometrics extends a communism of statistical models to include a “sharing with nature” that is an essential input into making maximum likelihood or generalized method of moments be good estimators.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。