Centralized describes a country, a company, or a system whose control already sits in one place: things are done or decided at the capital or the head office, and the other places follow. It is the -ed form of the verb centralize, used as an adjective (a centralized government, a centralized database) or as the past: they centralized the system last year. The word is formal.

Centralized describes a country, a company, or a system whose control already sits in one place形容一個國家、公司或制度，控制權已經集中在一個地方：things are done or decided at the capital or the head office事情在首都或總部就決定、就做了，and the other places follow其他地方只是跟著走。It它 is the -ed form of the verb centralize是動詞 centralize 的 -ed 形式，used as an adjective可以當形容詞用 (a centralized government, a centralized database)（a centralized government 集中式政府、a centralized database 集中式資料庫） or as the past也可以當過去式：they centralized the system last year他們去年把這個系統集中化了。The word這個字 is formal算是正式用語。

Though actually, people often say a system is “too centralized” when the centre feels far away and slow, and a local problem cannot be fixed without asking permission.

Though actually但其實，people often say a system is "too centralized"人們常會說這個制度「太集中了」 when the centre feels far away and slow當中央感覺很遙遠、動作又慢，and a local problem cannot be fixed without asking permission而地方上的問題沒有得到許可就解決不了。

The opposite picture is a decentralized system, where many places decide for themselves. Same idea as centralize, but here you are naming the state, not the action.

The opposite picture is相反的畫面是 a decentralized system去中心化的制度，where many places decide for themselves很多地方各自做決定。Same idea as centralize跟 centralize 是同一個概念，but here you are naming the state只是這裡講的是狀態，not the action不是動作。