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Brutalism is a way of making buildings, especially large public ones, from grey concrete with almost no decoration. The walls look heavy and plain; you can often still see the marks of the boards used when the wet concrete was poured. The English word is brutal + -, and that is a problem for , because brutal usually means cruel. People who hate these buildings are happy to hear that sound. Though actually, the architects who made the name famous in 1954, Alison and Peter Smithson, were pointing at French béton brut, “raw concrete” — concrete left as it is, not covered with paint or pretty stone. An earlier Swedish name, nybrutalism (“new brutalism”), pointed the same way, and the look owes a lot to the raw concrete that Le Corbusier liked. So the style is about honest, naked material, not about being . Some people find it ugly; some find it strong and true.
粗獷主義（建築：大塊混凝土、幾乎沒裝飾。台灣也常直接說 Brutalism；另一譯是粗野主義。別跟「清水模」畫上等號：清水模也是不加粉飾的混凝土，但多半較細、偏日式，不是戰後那種厚重塊體）
組成brutal + -ism. The “-ism” names a style or movement. The architects were thinking of French béton brut, “raw concrete,” not of cruelty, even though English brutal sounds cruel.
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
Brutalismnoun
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architectureA style of modernist architecture characterized by angular geometry and overt signs of the construction process.
- In similar spirit, Nigel Henderson, a member of the Independent Group's Brutalist core, exhibited black and white photographs of the East End at the 1953 ICA show Parallel of Life and Art which stressed the unsanitised reality of everyday life: Peter Smithson's defence of Brutalism through the categorical rhetoric of objectivity and truth, quoted above, echoes Anderson.
- 2004, B. M. Boyle, Brutalism, R. Stephen Sennott (editor), Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Architecture, Volume 1: A-F, Taylor & Francis (Fitzroy Dearborn), page 181, Nonetheless, despite its radical appearance, Brutalism could claim, if not legitimacy, at least ancestry in pre-World War II modernism.
brutalismnoun
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Brutal, violent behaviour; savagery.
- 1839, Earl of Clarendon, Speech to House of Lords, recorded in Mirror of Parliament, republished in 1840 January-June, The Eclectic Review, New Series, Volume 7, page 455, Their punishments for crimes were of the most savage nature: and the absurdities of the Theodosian Code, together with the ancient customs of Germany, came to be all blended into a singular amalgamation of refinement and meanness,—of brutalism and bravery.
- Instances of misguidance like the ones given, and at least recognized in retrospect, in fascism, racism, and ecological brutalism, are also to be sensed by religious communication in other contexts.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。