核心畫面

You can think of beleaguered as a place with a ring around it. An army has set up camp on every side and simply stays there. The walls have not fallen and the people inside are still alive, but nothing moves in or out easily, and there is no direction to walk away in. The word keeps that ring wherever it goes: whatever is beleaguered is still standing, still being pressed, and still surrounded.

beleaguered 的核心畫面可以想成一個被圍成一圈的地方。軍隊在四面紮營,然後就待著不走。城牆還沒倒,裡面的人更多收起beleaguered 的核心畫面可以想成一個被圍成一圈的地方。軍隊在四面紮營,然後就待著不走。城牆還沒倒,裡面的人也還在,但東西進不來、人出不去,往哪個方向都沒有路。這個字走到哪裡都帶著那個圈:被 beleaguered 的東西通常還撐著,卻同時被壓著、被圍著。

From the word’s history

The packet's Wiktionary etymology gives only the surface build: beleaguer + -ed. So the adjective is simply 'having been beleaguered', which keeps the ring of the verb inside it.

本次提供的維基詞典字源只給到表層結構:beleaguer + -ed。也就是說,這個形容詞就是「被 beleaguer 過的」,動詞裡那個「圍住」的圈就原封不動留在字裡。更早的來源不在這份資料裡,所以這裡不往前추。

Wiktionary etymology supplied in this packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:962651339): 'From beleaguer + -ed.'

Two branches

真的被軍隊圍住

這一族就是核心畫面本身:一圈帳篷、一座出不去的城。

adjective · C1

Surrounded by an army, so that the people inside a city, a town or a fort cannot get out, and food and other supplies can only reach them with difficulty.

被(軍隊)包圍的

被問題與批評圍住

同一個圈,換了圍城的人。把帳篷換成帳單、投訴、負面報導,畫面完全不用改:一樣是四面都有、一樣走不掉。

adjective · C1

Facing a lot of problems or criticism at the same time and over a long period, so that a person, a team, a company or an industry seems to be under pressure from every side at once.

困境重重的、飽受壓力與批評的