- 1
Behaviourism is a belief about how we should study the mind. It says: do not build your science on what people tell you they think and feel. Build it on what they do — their behaviour — and on how rewards and punishments change that. The names students meet first are Watson and Skinner; Pavlov's dogs usually appear in lesson one. It is a classroom and textbook word. British English keeps the u: behaviourism. American books write behaviorism. You will still hear it in class, often as the older view that later psychology argued with. Though actually, teachers still use its tools — a sticker, praise, taking away a privilege — even when they no longer call themselves by this name. It has nothing to do with being well behaved in the polite sense.
行為主義
組成From behaviour + -ism (a system of ideas).
同家族的字
- behaviourwhat people and animals do; the stem of this word
- behavethe verb underneath behaviour
- behaviourista person who follows this school of thought, or an adjective for it
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
behaviourismnoun
- 1
human-sciencespsychologysciencesBritish standard spelling of behaviorism
- 2
human-sciencesphilosophysciencesBritish standard spelling of behaviorism
- I come back now to the theory of behaviourism which I spoke of a moment ago. Suppose, e.g., that you are said to believe that there is a train at 10.25. This means, we are told, that you start for the station at a certain time. When you reach the station you see it is 10.24 and you run. That behaviour constitutes your belief that there is a train at that time. If you catch your train by running, your belief was true. If the train went at 10.23, you miss it, and your belief was false. That is the sort of thing that they would say constitutes belief. There is not a single state of mind which consists in contemplating this eternal verity, that the train starts at 10.25.
- One criticism sometimes made of behaviourism is that it fails to make a distinction between someone actually being in pain and someone pretending to be in pain.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。