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Turbid describes water or another liquid that is not clear — cloudy, muddy, full of tiny bits floating in it so you cannot see through. A river after heavy rain is turbid. Pond water stirred up by a foot is turbid. This is a formal, technical word: you will meet it in science writing, in reports on rivers and drinking water, on lab instruments. In ordinary talk people just say 'cloudy', 'muddy' or 'dirty'. It also has a stretched use, older and rather literary, for thoughts or feelings that are confused and troubled — 'turbid emotions'. That use is uncommon now, and if you write it, expect readers to notice it as writerly. Notice one thing about the meaning: turbid is about particles in the way, not about being poisonous. Water can be turbid and safe, or perfectly clear and dangerous. The related noun is 'turbidity', which is the word used when the cloudiness is actually measured.
混濁的(水裡懸浮著細小顆粒、看不清)。這是科學/檢驗報告用字,例如水質的「濁度」(turbidity);日常講水髒就說 dirty、muddy 就好。
組成From Latin turbidus 'disturbed, stirred up', from turba meaning a crowd, a throng, a commotion — the picture is of something churned up and unsettled.
原始詞典資料3 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
turbidadj/ˈtɜː(ɹ)bɪd/
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Having the lees or sediment disturbed; not clear. (of a liquid)
- turbid water
- turbid wine
- 2
Smoky or misty.
- Towards the last I increased the heat, and by that means produced a very turbid air, of which I collected a prodigious quantity.
- Involuntarily, he stepped behind some alder brush off the trail. Another flutter of wind thinning the turbid mist.
- 3
Unclear; confused; obscure.
- Motion, to take a good example, is originally a turbid sensation, of which the native shape is perhaps best preserved in the phenomenon of vertigo.
- Those turbid emotions swirled inside him again—part frustration, part anxiety.
資料來源:英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary(CC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。