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To take a strong feeling you are not free to act on — most often a sexual one, but also anger or grief — and pour that energy into something your society approves of: work, sport, art, study. The feeling is not killed and not simply hidden; it is redirected, and comes out in another shape. 'He sublimated his loneliness into painting.' The word comes from Freud and psychology, and it still carries that flavour, so it belongs to serious writing and thoughtful talk rather than casual chat. People do use it loosely and half-jokingly ('I sublimate everything into cooking'), and when they do, they usually mean any feeling at all, not a sexual one. Two things worth keeping separate. First, in chemistry the same verb means something quite different: a solid turning straight into a gas without becoming liquid first — dry ice does this. Second, there is an older, more formal sense, 'to make something purer or higher', which you meet in old books. As a noun, a sublimate is the solid or substance you get from that chemical process. it takes an object, and often the pattern 'sublimate X into Y'.
（心理學）昇華——把不能直接發洩的慾望或情緒轉成工作、藝術等被社會接受的行為。化學上的「昇華」（固體直接變氣體）是同一個中文詞、同一個英文字，但兩個意思要分開記。
組成From Latin sublimare 'to raise, to lift up high', from sublimis 'lofty, raised'. The core image is lifting something up — a feeling lifted from a low place to a high one, or a solid lifted straight into the air.
同家族的字
- sublimesame Latin sublimis 'lofty' — so grand it lifts you
- sublimationthe noun for the act of sublimating
原始詞典資料13 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
sublimateverb/ˈsʌblɪmeɪt/
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chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesTo heat (a substance) in a container so as to convert it into a gas which then condenses in solid form on cooler parts of the container.
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chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesTo heat (a substance) in a container so as to convert it into a gas which then condenses in solid form on cooler parts of the container.
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To refine (something) until it disappears or loses all meaning.
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human-sciencesmedicinepsychoanalysisTo modify (the natural expression of a sexual or primitive instinct) in a socially acceptable manner; to divert the energy of (such an instinct) into some acceptable activity.
- Foreigners extol the American "energy" […] Basically it is the energy of violence, of free-floating resentment and anxiety unleashed by chronic cultural dislocations which must be, for the most part, ferociously sublimated. This energy has mainly been sublimated into crude materialism and acquisitiveness.
- When he got home from the parade, however, Professor Solanka was seized by melancholy, his usual secret sadness, which he sublimated into the public sphere. Something was amiss with the world. The optimistic peace-and-love philosophy of his youth having given him up, he no longer knew how to reconcile himself to an increasingly phoney […] reality.
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archaicTo obtain (something) through, or as if through, sublimation.
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archaicTo purify or refine (a substance).
- The precepts of Christianity are […] so apt […] to cleanse and sublimate the more gross and corrupt.
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Synonym of sublime.
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Synonym of sublime.
另外 4 個記錄的用法
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chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesOf a substance: to change from a solid into a gas without passing through the liquid state, with or without being heated.
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chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesOf a substance: to change from a gas into a solid without passing through the liquid state.
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human-sciencesmedicinepsychoanalysisTo modify the natural expression of a sexual or primitive instinct in a socially acceptable manner; to divert the energy of such an instinct into some acceptable activity.
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Synonym of sublime (“to become higher in quality or status; to improve”).
sublimatenoun/ˈsʌblɪmeɪt/
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chemistrynatural-sciencesphysical-sciencesA product obtained by sublimation.
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。