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Stoicism, with a small s, is the quality itself: the patience and calm a person shows when things go badly. 'He faced the news with great stoicism.' It is an uncountable noun and quite formal — it lives in newspapers, and serious writing rather than in conversation.
Stoicism小寫 stoicism is是 the quality itself這個特質本身 the patience and calm a person shows when things go badly指一個人在事情不順時展現出的耐心與冷靜。 'He faced the news with great stoicism.'像「He faced the news with great stoicism」（他很堅忍地面對這個消息） It它 is an uncountable noun and quite formal是不可數名詞，而且相當正式 it lives in newspapers, obituaries and serious writing rather than in conversation常出現在新聞、訃聞和正式書寫裡，而不是日常對話中。
With a capital S, Stoicism is the name of the ancient Greek and Roman philosophy taught by Zeno, Seneca and Marcus Aurelius, which held that we should accept what we cannot control and not be pushed around by our feelings.
With a capital S大寫的 Stoicism Stoicism is the name of the ancient Greek and Roman philosophy是古希臘羅馬哲學的名稱 taught by Zeno, Seneca and Marcus Aurelius由芝諾、塞內卡和馬可．奧理略所教導 which held that we should accept what we cannot control主張我們應該接受自己無法控制的事 and not be pushed around by our feelings不要被情緒牽著走。
This second meaning has become surprisingly common again, because Stoicism is popular now in self-help books, podcasts and business talk; if a young person says they are 'reading about Stoicism', they mean the philosophy, not the character trait.
This second meaning has become surprisingly common again這第二個意思最近意外地又變得很常見 because Stoicism is popular now in self-help books, podcasts and business talk因為 Stoicism 現在在自我成長書籍、podcast 和商業談話裡很流行 if a young person says they are 'reading about Stoicism'如果有年輕人說自己在「reading about Stoicism」 they mean the philosophy, not the character trait他們指的是這門哲學，不是那種人格特質。
The two meanings are connected but not the same thing, and the capital letter is doing real work — worth watching for when you read.
The two meanings are connected but not the same thing這兩個意思有關聯，但不是同一件事 and the capital letter is doing real work大小寫在這裡是真的有差別 worth watching for when you read讀的時候值得留意。
組成stoic + -ism. The ending -ism makes a noun for a belief system or a way of being — as in realism, tourism, criticism. Behind stoic is Latin stōicus and Greek Stōïkós, from the painted porch in Athens where the first Stoic teacher stood. The English word is first found in the 1620s.
原始詞典資料2 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
stoicismnoun/ˈstəʊɪsɪzəm/
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A school of philosophy popularized during the Roman Empire that emphasized reason as a means of understanding the natural state of things, or logos, and as a means of freeing oneself from emotional distress.
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A real or pretended indifference to pleasure or pain; insensibility; impassiveness.
- Jones’ sad eyes betray a pervasive pain his purposefully spare dialogue only hints at, while the perfectly cast Brolin conveys hints of playfulness and warmth while staying true to the craggy stoicism at the character’s core.
- Although very distant from the lives of her subjects – she never went to school and had only the most fleeting experiences of being on equal terms with anyone – she grew into a much respected figure, admired for her stoicism and diligence
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。