核心畫面

You can picture stillborn as a birth in which nothing moves: the thing arrives, but it never starts living. The still here is not 'up to now' — it is 'motionless'. Everything this word does grows out of that one picture, and the picture always points at the very first moment, never at a later collapse.

可以想成一個畫面:東西出生了,卻完全沒有動靜。這裡的 still,一種想法是「靜止」,不是「仍然」。所以 still更多收起可以想成一個畫面:東西出生了,卻完全沒有動靜。這裡的 still,一種想法是「靜止」,不是「仍然」。所以 stillborn 指的不是走到一半才失敗,比較像是從第一秒起就沒有動起來。不管講的是嬰兒還是一個計畫,這個字都把鏡頭停在「開始」的那一刻。

From the word’s history

Wiktionary records stillborn as still + born, first attested in 1597 — literally 'born motionless', which is still the picture behind both the literal and the figurative use.

資料記載 stillborn 由 still 加 born 組成,最早出現在 1597 年。字面就是「出生時靜止不動」。這條線索正好對上今天的兩種用法:一個講嬰兒,一個講計畫。

Wiktionary entry supplied in evidence packet (source_ref kaikki:3f6f69a190036ae4:912803925): "From English still + born. First attested in 1597."

Two branches

字面:出生時就沒有生命

這一組就是核心畫面本身,沒有任何轉彎:出生的那一刻,身體是靜止的。

adjective · B2

Born dead. A stillborn baby or animal has already died before the birth, or dies during it, so it never breathes or lives outside the mother.

死產的

比喻:計畫一開始就沒活起來

把核心畫面從嬰兒搬到計畫上:東西被生出來了,卻一動也不動。這是一個教學上的聯想,不是說這個意思比較晚才「長出來」。

adjective · C1

Used about a plan, idea, relationship or organization that fails right at the start and never grows into anything at all.

胎死腹中的