澆水用的灑水器
這一家把核心畫面朝上放：水滴往上噴再落下來，蓋住一片草地或土。這是最容易看到、也最容易想像的一種。
noun · B1
A piece of equipment that throws water out in many small drops over grass, plants, or soil, so that a whole area gets watered without anyone holding a hose.
灑水器
核心畫面
One picture sits behind every use of this word: water arrives in a single stream, something breaks it into many small drops, and throws those drops out over an area. That is all a sprinkler is. Change where you hang it and what you want the water to reach, and you get the different uses. Put it on the ground facing up, and the drops fall on grass and soil. Fix it to a ceiling facing down, and the drops fall on a fire. The word never stops meaning the same thing; only the direction and the purpose move.
「sprinkler」可以想成一個很單純的畫面：水本來是一整股，經過這個東西以後被打散成很多小水滴，再甩出去蓋住一片…更多收起
「sprinkler」可以想成一個很單純的畫面：水本來是一整股，經過這個東西以後被打散成很多小水滴，再甩出去蓋住一片地方。這個畫面不變，變的只是它裝在哪裡、水要灑到什麼上面。放在地上朝上噴，水滴就落在草和土上；鎖在天花板上朝下噴，水滴就落在火上。字的核心沒有變過，動的只是方向和目的。From the word’s history
The word is built from sprinkle plus -er, so its parts already say the whole idea: the thing that sprinkles.
這個字是 sprinkle（把水一點一點灑出去）加上 -er（做這件事的東西）組成的。字的組成本身就已經把核心畫面說完了：負責把水灑開的那個東西。
Wiktionary entry for sprinkler (kaikki extract, supplied in packet): From sprinkle + -er.
Two branches
防火用的灑水頭
同一個畫面翻過來裝在天花板上，水滴往下落。要澆的東西從草變成火，但把水打散灑開這件事完全一樣。
noun · B1
A small piece of equipment fixed to a ceiling that starts by itself when it feels the heat of a fire and sprays water down onto it, usually as one part of a system covering a whole building.
消防灑水頭