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A scarp is a long, steep face of land — a line of natural cliffs, not a wall people built. In geography the land may be fairly flat, then it drops, and that drop is the scarp. Slow wearing of rock can leave one; so can a fault, when the ground breaks and one side stands higher. It is a specialist word. Everyday English is more likely to say cliff or steep slope. You meet scarp on maps and in earth-science talk more than in ordinary chat.
陡崖；崖壁（地理上那一長條天然峭壁）
組成Cut down from escarp by dropping the first sound. The two words are doublets: same origin, two shapes.
同家族的字
- escarpthe longer form that scarp was shortened from
- escarpmentthe same kind of steep natural face; the usual geography-book word
原始詞典資料4 筆記錄
以下是外部詞典記錄的用法，原文照列，我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的；有些用法可能上面已經講過了。
scarpnoun/skɑːp/
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The steep artificial slope below a fort's parapet.
- —I would throw out the earth upon this hand towards the town for the scarp,—and on that hand towards the campaign for the counterscarp.—Very right, Trim, quoth my uncle Toby:—And when I had sloped them to your mind,——an’ please your Honour, I would face the glacis, as the finest fortifications are done in Flanders, with sods,——and as your Honour knows they should be,—and I would make the walls and parapets with sods too.
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geographygeologynatural-sciencesA cliff at the edge of a plateau or ridge caused by erosion or faulting; the steeper side of an escarpment.
- 2014, Paul Salopek, Blessed. Cursed. Claimed., National Geographic (December 2014)https://web.archive.org/web/20150212214621/http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2014/12/pilgrim-roads/salopek-text Sweating under the sun, we scale the barren eastern scarp of the Great Rift Valley (Area B), edging carefully around controversial, razor-wired Israeli settlements (Area C).
scarpverb/skɑːp/
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geographynatural-sciencesto cut, scrape, erode, or otherwise make into a scarp or escarpment
- to scarp the face of a ditch or a rock
- From scarped cliff and quarried stone
資料來源：英文維基詞典 English Wiktionary（CC BY-SA 4.0）。 原文照列，未經改寫。