核心畫面

You can picture the camera pulling back from one patient in one room until a whole town is in the shot. What you see then is not who is ill but whether this crowd of people, together, is well: the water they all drink, the air they all breathe, the rubbish nobody wants, the cough that travels from one house to the next. Public is the whole crowd; health is the shared condition of that crowd.

可以想成一個鏡頭往後拉。原本拍的是一個病人、一張病床。鏡頭一退,整座城鎮都進到畫面裡。這時候看見的就不是誰生病了,而更多收起可以想成一個鏡頭往後拉。原本拍的是一個病人、一張病床。鏡頭一退,整座城鎮都進到畫面裡。這時候看見的就不是誰生病了,而是這一大群人合起來健不健康。大家喝的水、呼吸的空氣、沒人要的垃圾、從這家傳到那家的咳嗽,全都在畫面裡。public 是「這一整群人」,health 是這群人共有的那個狀態。這三個意思都可以從這個鏡頭裡長出來。

Two branches

一群人合起來的健康

這一家就是鏡頭本身看到的東西,其他意思都是從這裡再往下走。

noun · B2

The health of all the people living in one place, looked at together — the condition of a whole town, city or country, not of one person.

公共衛生;全體民眾的健康

為了守住這份健康而做的事

看見了整群人的健康,下一個問題就是誰在顧它。這一家講的都是「顧的那一方」:一門學問、一份工作、一套政府服務。

noun · B2

The work of keeping a whole community well — stopping illness before it starts, teaching people about health, and keeping water, food and living places clean. It is also the subject people study in order to do that work.

公共衛生(學科與工作領域)

原始詞典資料1 筆記錄

以下是外部詞典記錄的用法,原文照列,我們還沒有寫成教學內容。上面的說明才是我們自己寫的;有些用法可能上面已經講過了。

public healthnoun

  • 1

    The science and practice of community hygiene, which includes preventive healthcare, health education, sanitation and environmental safety.

    • Every town the size of Maycomb had families like the Ewells. No economic fluctuations changed their status—people like the Ewells lived as guests of the county in prosperity as well as in the depths of a depression. No truant officers could keep their numerous offspring in school; no public health officer could free them from congenital defects, various worms, and the diseases indigenous to filthy surroundings.
    • My parents are both in public health now. They both work at the Tucson AIDS Project. I've got a sister who's a nurse, another one who works in a hospital, […]

資料來源:英文維基詞典 English WiktionaryCC BY-SA 4.0)。 原文照列,未經改寫。